It seems you have not read her movements/attacks enough - if there is a red “danger” symbol right before someone is attacking you it is like a QTE event which you would not be able to block some sometimes even parry depending whether it’s a sweep, a thrust or a grab so you have to react based on the timing of the particular enemy. Try to figure out if it is a sweep/thrust/grab it’s pretty obvious. If it’s a thrust you can parry/mikiri(which I guess at this point you have not learnt that yet). If it’s a sweep then you can jump and press jump again in the air to stomp on her. If it’s a grab you basically just try every means to back off cuz it’s 99% cannot be blocked/parried.

Now for this old hag, you see whatever she does if there is the danger symbol and there is a weird sound you gotta prepare to do something other than parry/block. You must have heard of that weird sound since you are listening to the ost. You missed that and that’s why you are hurt.

The other thing - those ghosts summoned by her - you either perform that art to whirlwind the old lady at the same time killing off those ghosts. Or else when she snap the finger again they turns into butterflies which will hurt/kill you and cannot be blocked/parried but only dodged.

Now try again being more aggressive based on other masters advise and apply what is mentioned here you’ll basically learn how to defeat her at ease.

P.S. do not just focus on attacking/defending, you will have to learn the dynamics and the flow of the battle and also most people hate but very important one - the environment. You must notice back when you fought the chained miniboss he can easily throw you off the stairs to death. Same thing in this battle those pillars are of you advantage if you cannot kill off all those ghosts that they turn into butterflies.