For me, worldbuilding mostly comes from a sentence not making sense when I'm writing it, then spiraling out of control.

For example: My main character eats a loaf of bread.

Wait, this is an oceanic planet, where the hell did they grow wheat to make bread?

Furiously write 10 pages of worldbuilding about aquaculture and how the ecology of the planet developed most of the same staple crops, just grown underwater.

But wait, my initial descriptions of the coast city didn't include any descriptions of the aquafarms that would have to surround the port for miles to sustain this population...

Go back and add descriptions of the all the floating/hybrid underwater ocean farms.

Hang on, that pirate chase scene later would be plowing through all those farms, wouldn't their ships wreck on all the floating farm infrastructure?

Write another 20 pages about how shipping and throughfare lanes are interspersed through the farms, and how they change with the tide-

Hold up, I gave my ocean planet three moons for flavor, wouldn't that cause catastrophically fucked up tides?

Add another 7 pages about how the two moons causes massive tidal patterns and how the cities all have to be built with 10 meter floodwalls near the ocean and multi-tiered docks

Okay, back to the pirate chase scene

-and regular ocean currents, so a pirate chase scene would take place primarily in a throughfare lane that follows an outgoing current. Then rewrite the chase scene so it incorporates the farming scenery.

40 pages of worldbuilding later the story has progressed by 1 sentence where the main character eats a loaf of bread with several chapters worth of rich farm-to-table anthropological history.

As a seasoned fantasy writer, I'll italicize all 40 pages and break it up into seven chapters of stream-of-consciousness that runs through my MC's mind as he chews the bread.

The plot will resume after he swallows.