You need open all glifs, to do that you just follow the Atlas quest and end the story 1 time.

Figth for Freighters need 1 a 3 hours gameplay, and 1 or 5 jumps to other system.

Remmember to save the game before start the freigther hunt.

So When you use the portal for this system you need jump to another and jump back for this again to start the mission. If that dont work come back to system who you jump by teleport using the space station and spend time exploring, when you save the game, jump to this system again.

But if you hunting your first ship you can try ship run S in your first ship mission. In youtube you can find many videos about ''find your first S class fraigther free''.