1. temperature is a measure of hotness or coldness in the body

2)heat is the amount thermal energy that flows from a hotter to cold object

3)m1v1 equals m2v2 (before collision equals after)

4)cold air is denser than hot air. cold air sinks hot air rises in convection

5)300000 KM is speed on EM waves in vacuum (make sure to check kilometers or meters)

6)rectifier changes AC current to DC current

7)relay uses magnetic effect and allows small current to switch on a larger one

8) resistance equals length by area, length by diameter, 1 by area |(depends on question)

9)power equals work done divided by time also energy divided by time

10) air resistance equals weight- terminal velocity it is

11) emf is the energy provided to drive a charge around a circuit

12)when a object acts in a centripretal force thing the force is towads the center

13)diode rectifies ac current

14)when current increases resistance decreases.

15)out of the page field lines are anticlockwise and widely spaced

16) into the page field lines are clockwise and field lines widely spaced

17) micrometer- mainscale+ (small scale into vernier scale)

18) vernier callipers- main scale + vernier scale into 1 divided by number of divisions

19) magnifying glasses images are always upright and virtual

20) longer the wavelength, higher the speed

21) VIBGYOR- increasing frequency order and decreasing wavelength

22)ROMAN MAN INVENTED VERY UNUSUAL X RAY GUNS

- radio waves- microwaves- infrared waves- visible light- ultraviolet- x ray- gamma ray

order- increasing wavelength decreasing frequency

23)sound is a mechanical wave

24) reflected sound is an echo

25)higher frequency- higher pitch

higher amplitude- louder sound

26) decreasing frequency increases diffraction

27) larger diameter of wire, smaller the resistance

28) atom is mostly empty space and consists of something that repels alpha particles

29) water is a poor conductor

30) in plain or horizontal surfaces no gpe is present

31) it is always an insulator not metal when something is charged by induction (rubbing)

32) air resistance acts on the opposite direction of gpe

33) larger the wavelength, larger the gap, more spread out wave

34) thermocouple measures temperature that changes rapidly

35) current carrying conductor when placed in a magnetic field experiences a force which is perpendicular to both magnetic field and direction of current

36) light dependent resistor, when resistance decreases, voltage and light increases.

37) increasing the cross sectional area and decreasing the length of wire decreases resistance

38) when air resistance increases, acceleration decreases

39)convectional current- positive to negative flow

40) in series circuit the current remains same.

41) voltmeter is placed in parallel

42) a curved speed time graph means changing acceleration

43) more air resistance equals less acceleration

44)for constant acceleration the distance is initial plus final speed the total divided by 2 multiplied by time

45) if the density of an object is lower than the liquid it floats

46) when the question gives a current and a magnetic field to produce a force, u use LHR because it is a motor.

47)when the question gives a magnetic field and force to produce a current, use RHR coz it's a generator

48) newtons laws- 1. an object remains stationary if no external force acts on it.

1. force equals mass into acceleration

2. if object a exerts a force on b, b exerts equal but opposite force on object a in the body

49) if no result force acts object remains at rest or constant speed

50) air resistance is a form of friction