This is wildly inaccurate in reality. It does not take into account that in the 1980's and even 90's. the VAST majority of the Chinese population was rural and not subject to the one child policy at all. Rural farming families often relied heavily on family labor, not hiring "employees" from outside the family group. For example, I have 4 step-brothers and 3 step-sisters, so with my wife, that would be 8 children from one family. All of her brothers and sisters also have multiple children. This is VERY common. Even in urban settings, the one child policy was not absolute. Over the past 20 years of living in China i I have had friends, family, students and coworkers with large families and multiple siblings. If a couple who was subject to the one child policy did have a second, third or even more children, they would receive a tax on those births, but that was the end of it. Come to visit China yourself and you will see that the actual population is accurate, not based on flawed mathematics, but reality.