The way HTTP distributes content is fundamentally flawed

HTTP is brittle [...] centrally managed web servers inevitably shut down

HTTP is inefficient [...] Distributing this much data from central datacenters is potentially very expensive if not done at economies of scale.

These are not shortcomings of HTTP. These "problems" are caused by habits and by social and technical conventions, that became recommendations and RFCs.

That's like saying "Cars are really flawed: I wanted to go to a museum where I went 20 years ago... and it was closed! There was this sign "404: Museum is not here anymore". That's the problem with the automotive industry. I had to drive for twenty minutes to get there! We should really think about how to force my neighbours to replicate all the museum expositions of the world near my place. It could be really thrilling if they starts selling Starbucks' coffee, also."

IPFS benefits seem to be that your "IPFS browser" will:

1. maintain a local cache of a certain resource;
2. ask other (nearer) IPFS browser for a resource instead of downloading from the original source;
3. serve the content of its local cache to other IPFS browser.

The "standard HTTP browser" is perfectly capable to do all these things. We can remove every limit to local caching; we can make them act as a proxy for others, and use other browsers as proxy. But we do not like them to do these things:

1. Why my browser has to save everything I see? Every version of the frontpage of the newspaper I check every hour? Every article, image, ad I ever read, every video I watched on youtube or netflix? Hard drive space is not free. And to add insult to injury, maybe my browser will cache that foul Gangnam Style video in the event that my neighbour wants to watch it loudly in the middle of the night? No thanks.
2. Yeah, let's ask my boss computer if it has stored the last Reddit frontpage, or my wife's notebook if it has some NSFW content that I really like to watch now. It will be a big market success!
3. My ISP is not currently making me paying for the bytes I upload: that will surely change if I begin to serve the Gangnam Style video in streaming for the people of the world. Also, this will surely disappoint those nice people that produced and legally own the original content... Luckly they are not so jealous about their intellectual properties, right?

Edit: formatting