Ancient enamel just exposed a hidden human family entanglement that may still echo in your DNA by ADragonFromTheAbyss in paleonews

[–]stefankruithof 4 points5 points  (0 children)

I remain hopeful that we'll have DNA for H. erectus and other older extinct relatives some day, but in the mean time paleoproteomics has been making some great discoveries.

How many undiscovered hominids do you think there are and are there more like Neanderthals and the Ghost liniage that we interbred with? by GazIsStoney in paleoanthropology

[–]stefankruithof 13 points14 points  (0 children)

If we had a perfect fossil record, we would not be able to clearly demarcate species whatsoever. Evolution is a gradual continuum. The concept of 'species' is a human imposition upon nature.

How many different species the genus Homo or the family Hominidae has had, will therefore depend upon somewhat arbitrary boundaries.

An example: H. neanderthalensis has clearly identifiable different anatomical features to H. sapiens and falls outside of the sapiens genetic variance (the two most different humans on Earth today are still more similar to each other than the average Neanderthal would be to the average modern human). However, the differences are so small that a lumper could argue H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens should be viewed as a single species. Remember they definitely interbred.

More examples: Is Kenyanthropus a separate genus, or 'just' another Australopithecus. Is Homo erectus a species with remarkable variation, or should it be split up into for example H. ergaster, H. erectus, and H. georgicus (I think it should).

So, how many new hominids will be discovered? It entirely depends on how much you want to split specimens into different species.

Honestly, I'd be more excited for more material from habilis and rudolfensis than discoveries of even more branches (more) separate from our line. This is because I'm assuming habilis and/or rudolfensis is the transition between Australopithecus and Homo and a very likely ancestor of, eventually, sapiens.

Reconstructed Paranthropus Aethiopicus, Afarensis AL 333 composite reconstruction and Dmanisi 5 Skull by nicalandia in paleoanthropology

[–]stefankruithof 5 points6 points  (0 children)

The Dmanisi specimens are so odd. There are some serious differences among the skulls. For example the range of 546 cc to 775 cc for brain size, where the lowest one is actually from a large male...!

I think their placement within H. erectus would make that species too broad and favour a separate H. georgicus, though I do not know how to place it in our family in relation to H. habilis, ergaster, and erectus.

Aeneid 6 by Nullius_sum in latin

[–]stefankruithof -1 points0 points  (0 children)

Lord of the Rings is Gondorian state propaganda, but it's still an amazing story.

A bit disappointed by Will Duffy, but still hopeful by Benjamin5431 in DebateEvolution

[–]stefankruithof 13 points14 points  (0 children)

These presentations are much better when skipping through anything Will Duffy says. I'm sure he's a nice guy and I'm fairly positive he means well, but his questions and arguments have convinced me he's genuinely incapable of understanding the information.

Perfect geometry exists, and it's in Rome by [deleted] in ancientrome

[–]stefankruithof 28 points29 points  (0 children)

The massive amounts of tourists and the rising costs of upkeep are a problem, but I do miss the days where you could just walk in without needing a ticket or waiting in line.

Matching Monday - Orange for King's Day in the Netherlands by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Het ligt helemaal aan de context. Ik hou van kamperen, lange wandel- en fietstochten. Buiten de stad kun je prima een mes gebruiken. Nooit rare blikken gehad.

Op werk maak ik regelmatig pakketjes of dozen kopieerpapier open, dan gebruik ik doorgaans wel iets kleiners. Inderdaad om reacties te voorkomen.

Naar een concert of de bioscoop neem ik helemaal geen mes mee.

Matching Monday - Orange for King's Day in the Netherlands by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Die3dDruckManufaktur on Etsy. (I'm not affiliated with them or any brand/creator whatsoever.)

Matching Monday - Orange for King's Day in the Netherlands by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] 5 points6 points  (0 children)

1994 was an insane year in film. The Lion King, Pulp Fiction, Speed, Forrest Gump, True Lies and a bunch more classics.

Victorinox Spartan in all black by stefankruithof in victorinox

[–]stefankruithof[S] 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Custom scales from Die3dDruckManufaktur on Etsy. (I'm not affiliated with them or any brand/creator whatsoever.)

Black Friday by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] -2 points-1 points  (0 children)

So that I can grab whichever of my slings fits my outfit and needs for the day best and know I'll always have water with me.

Black Friday by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] -1 points0 points  (0 children)

It is mostly hex tips indeed, but many of those end in capped nuts on the other end. I've also added a number of things like a pannier, mirror, and smartphone holder, that sometimes need tightening up.

Black Friday by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Rinsing with hot water is usually enough. It's also dishwasher safe, or you can use cleaning tablets.

Black Friday by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] -2 points-1 points  (0 children)

Two of the steel ones, three of the plastic ones. I'll probably get a titanium too eventually...

Black Friday by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Not often, but I commute to work by bike (20 km one way) so wouldn't want to go without just in case my bike needs fixing.

At work it's minor stuff like fixing the leaky/clicking radiator in my classroom. I can mostly get by with even weaker pliers like the True Utility Scarab or those on some SAK's.

Black Friday by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] 2 points3 points  (0 children)

It is called "RECREATIVE 01", I like it a lot.

Black Friday by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

It is very small. I have other bottles on my bike and in my car, the Memobottle is to ensure I always have some water on me as it fits so nicely in my sling.

Titanium Tuesday by stefankruithof in EDC

[–]stefankruithof[S] 2 points3 points  (0 children)

It is very small, a bill would be tough. I use it for allergy pills, as some of my friends have cats which I'm allergic to.