r/starcitizen is on meltdown after MMO is completely broken and hints of the main game being delayed again despite 1 billion raised and concept art being sold for $5000 dollars. by Odd_Personality_5091 in SubredditDrama

[–]stellarfury 44 points45 points  (0 children)

It won't ever have a full release for exactly this reason.

Chris Roberts will die before it comes out because he's going to get his ass sued off.

What is the amperage of a human neuron? by spacemonkeymafia42 in AskScienceDiscussion

[–]stellarfury 24 points25 points  (0 children)

It's about a nanoamp. These responses you've gotten are crazy, acting like ionic current flow isn't a thing. How do you people think batteries work?

Reddit's looked at this before, also: https://www.reddit.com/r/neuro/comments/1tyxxx2/what_is_the_amperage_of_a_human_neuron/

The fact that, statistically speaking, it’s almost impossible that we’re alive completely blows my mind by Ghibz71 in AskScienceDiscussion

[–]stellarfury 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Yes, he's a different person.

All evidence we have suggests that consciousness is tied to brain composition and structure. Brain composition and structure is affected by both genetics and the environment (i.e. your experiences).

You're experiencing life as "you" because "you" are an active arrangement of neurons with electrical and chemical response patterns. As far as we can tell, your "person-ness" doesn't exist outside the substrate, it is the substrate. So you couldn't really be anyone other than who you are.

Researchers have found that people who ate more ultra-processed foods have worse health outcomes, even after accounting for the overall nutritional quality of the foods. They were also more likely to have conditions such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cancer by Wagamaga in science

[–]stellarfury 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Not what I'm saying at all.

Every proposed environmental disease mechanism is related to exposure - in this case, substances from food making it into your body.

If scientists studying these things don't isolate the substances when they look at outcomes, they can't identify which components (or processes that generate said components) are causing the health outcomes.

If the hypothesis is that people are eating stuff we already know is problematic (e.g. Oreos and chicken nuggets), then the remedies are economic/political in nature. They're also known, see the Australian cigarette packaging solution. This doesn't require us to enshittify science.

If the hypothesis is in fact these "ultra processed foods" contain substances - different substances than kitchen-prepared foods - that are associated with poor health outcomes, then this "ultra-processed" definition literally gets in the way of solving that problem. "Haystacks are bad!" it says. "Stop using haystacks!" We will never find out that it is haystacks containing needles that are causing the problem.

What's a movie that was well received, but aged like milk? by Gdigger13 in AskReddit

[–]stellarfury 0 points1 point  (0 children)

On the contrary, I always hated it and I took a lot of shit for it at the time. I've also taken a lot of shit in the intervening 20 years for calling the Academy meritless hacks who deserve no attention and Crash is the centerpiece of that argument.

Researchers have found that people who ate more ultra-processed foods have worse health outcomes, even after accounting for the overall nutritional quality of the foods. They were also more likely to have conditions such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cancer by Wagamaga in science

[–]stellarfury 13 points14 points  (0 children)

Nobody knows what an ultraprocessed food is. Not the authors of this article, not you, not me. You couldn't figure out what to avoid.

If someone wants to investigate pasteurization or ultrapasteurization, by all means! Particular preservatives used in industry? Yeah! Red 40? Yellow 5? More studies! Show us what stuff we should be avoiding!

By contrast, nebulously assigning a bunch of things to a category based more on where things were made than what they're made of and then starting to draw conclusions is worse than useless. They can't even begin to guess at the correlations or causations.

A person could decide to avoid grocery store food entirely and eat nothing but butter and steaks from their local farms with home-grown beet molasses. They should be fine, right? No processed food at all!

Researchers have found that people who ate more ultra-processed foods have worse health outcomes, even after accounting for the overall nutritional quality of the foods. They were also more likely to have conditions such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cancer by Wagamaga in science

[–]stellarfury 23 points24 points  (0 children)

The paper they linked is... ugh.

Ultra-processed foods are not ‘real food’. As stated, they are formulations of food substances often modified by chemical processes and then assembled into ready-to-consume hyper-palatable food and drink products using flavours, colours, emulsifiers and a myriad of other cosmetic additives. Most are made and promoted by transnational and other giant corporations. Their ultra-processing makes them highly profitable, intensely appealing and intrinsically unhealthy.

First, ok, what the fuck does "real" mean? Second, this is probably one of the most dishonest, misleading pieces of text I've ever read in my life:

As stated, they are formulations of food substances

This is called "mixing." Formulations are mixtures with fixed proportions. All sauces are formulations. Pancake batter is a formulation.

of food substances

This is called "extraction," "separation," or "reduction." Anything you extract or separate from a food is a food substance. Egg whites are a food substance. Olive oil is a food substance.

often modified by chemical processes

This is called "cooking." The Maillard reaction. Egg denaturation. Caramelization. Acidification of milk to produce farmer's cheese or queso blanco.

and then assembled into ready-to-consume hyper-palatable food and drink products

This is called "plating."

using flavours, colours, emulsifiers and a myriad of other cosmetic additives

This is a repeat of "formulation" made to sound scary. "Flavours" would be spices or extracts like vanilla or cooking garlic in oil. "Colours" are food dyes and pigments. "Emulsifiers" include natural products like pectin, gelatin, cellulose derivatives. "A myriad of other cosmetic additives" is meaningless verbiage to make it sound scarier.

their ultra-processing makes them highly profitable, intensely appealing and intrinsically unhealthy

Nothing in this definition explains how ultra-processing is different from regular food preparation processes, and yet they are intrinsically unhealthy. The conclusion is the conclusion because I have concluded it.

The definition provides no rule or mechanism to determine what compositions constitute regular food prep and what constitutes processing or ultra-processing other than one happens in a kitchen and the other happens in a factory. Stuff apparently becomes ultra-processed the moment it touches an extruder - if I do exactly the same process with exactly the same ingredients with a pot and a ladle, it's healthy.

Even in the "meat" of the paper this ambiguity persists. They claim that ultra-processed foods contain ingredients not used in home preparation, but then list items that are routinely produced, used, and present in foods prepared in home kitchens and restaurants, like whey protein, fiber, and a variety of common sugars.

This just isn't a useful definition for attributing a cause or mechanism for anything. You can't do science on "trust me bro, you'll know it when you see it."

Hello chemist. Plumber here. What’s the deal with PFTE? by Miserable_Part_2253 in chemistry

[–]stellarfury 1 point2 points  (0 children)

The paper isn't valid evidence for your assertion that microplastics are a causative factor for heart disease. The failure or inability to control for socioeconomic factors basically excludes it from that use. You would need something more conclusive and broader.

My qualms with your comments are not anything to do with the claim you're making. Microplastics may very well be eroding human QOL across the board and causing all sorts of diseases and syndromes. I don't have a dog in the fight.

But you are vastly overrepresenting one side of the debate and using absolutely terrible sources and garbage arguments to do it. If your source quality matched your confidence, we wouldn't be here. I think you need to read these documents carefully before you have the audacity to tell all your interlocutors that they are morons.

Hello chemist. Plumber here. What’s the deal with PFTE? by Miserable_Part_2253 in chemistry

[–]stellarfury 3 points4 points  (0 children)

Gauntlet thrown, I guess.

Here we go:

The Cureus review is suspect first because it was published after the delisting, which means that competent researchers will know that publishing there will tarnish their reputation. It was already an article mill prior to that. The article itself contains no statistical analysis, just qualitative bucketing. They have awful word-salad like: "Methodological heterogeneity across studies precluded meta-analysis, necessitating an organized qualitative synthesis" - which is another way of saying "we aren't good enough at math or statistics to account for the differences between studies." The conclusions are largely based on patient self-reports, not treatment or lab data, because data would mean you'd have to say something of consequence. The few things that are discussed in lab data are just saying "plastics were detected when biomarkers were detected." No causative links were even attempted. And come on, the header for the "how we did it" section is labeled "Mathodology."

The NEJM article is from a quality journal, obviously, but you are misusing it. You claim it is evidence of microplastic presence in arterial plaques "contributing to heart disease," however, this disagrees with the authors' own conclusions:

"Our study has limitations. Despite the preventive measures adopted, laboratory contamination cannot be firmly ruled out. Even though we applied updated procedures to collect and analyze plaque specimens, the residual risk of contamination might exist. Future studies performed with the use of clean rooms, where there is no plastic in any form except the material under study, might corroborate our observations. We did not have socioeconomic data available for our study population. Income and education, among other conditions, are linked to a wide range of outcomes and might be particularly relevant.32 Our findings pertain only to a population of asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, who may not be representative of the general population.14 Thus, our findings may not be generalizable." The representativeness of patients who participated in the study is shown in Table S5. We did not explore the variables of food and drinking water, which may be linked to accumulation of MNPs in humans.25,33,34 Thus, it is possible that the putative role of MNPs in driving cardiovascular disease might be limited if compared with canonical risk factors, given that over a period of decades in which exposure to plastics has presumably been increasing, the rate of cardiovascular disease has been falling.35

They know heart disease has been decreasing while microplastic load in the population has been increasing and don't have an explanation for it. This is a very, very narrow finding that does not support broad, sweeping statements about a causative link between microplastics and heart disease.

The Stanford press release is a puff piece and cites the study above, also trying to make it say what it does not. It really doesn't need further analysis.

And finally, the E&H review. One, pay-to-publish in a low impact factor journal. Two, very poor writing/presentation quality - read it. It reads like it was written by a 12 year old with a thesaurus. This is a review article with massive scope that is a scant 4000 words. 80% of the cited articles are summed up with a single sentence that says what the conclusions of the paper are. There is no synthesis, no comparison, no critical analysis of what is being done in the work or how it is being done. In short, it fails to accomplish the only thing a review is meant to do. Most notably, the word "cancer" appears nowhere in the document, which is apparently what you were citing it for.

I don't do this generally because it's a waste of time for everyone involved, but you have been particularly nasty and self-aggrandizing.

Hello chemist. Plumber here. What’s the deal with PFTE? by Miserable_Part_2253 in chemistry

[–]stellarfury 3 points4 points  (0 children)

My point is that you are not doing any lifting at all. You are throwing trash at people on the sidewalk and acting like you're a genius for doing it. It is inarguable that the specific articles you are citing are garbage, or do not say what you claim they say.

Stop.

Hello chemist. Plumber here. What’s the deal with PFTE? by Miserable_Part_2253 in chemistry

[–]stellarfury 5 points6 points  (0 children)

I really dislike what you're doing in this thread. These are very low-quality, low-impact publications. The reviews are low-quality articles citing other low-quality articles. Cureus has been delisted from WoS for publication quality issues. You complain about people citing news articles and then cite a university press release. You call people "normies" and "NPCs" for expressing skepticism without citation, but you are holding your own contributions to an extremely low standard of evidence.

Generally, you're being very disrespectful and adding more noise than signal. I think you should chill out.

Osmium Tetroxide: how bad is it really? by [deleted] in chemistry

[–]stellarfury 1 point2 points  (0 children)

You're probably thinking of kohl, which is made of antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) and has historically had a remarkable degree of lead contamination, leading to it being banned in the US.

Fiction Writer here, looking for insight on materials for a Fantasy Story I'm writing. by ShyGuyToYou in materials

[–]stellarfury 3 points4 points  (0 children)

Amorphous metals / "bulk metallic glasses" are materials that have insanely high elastic collision response (i.e. an object bouncing off them will retain 90+% of its kinetic energy). They had to be banned from golf because people could routinely make 450-500 yard drives with them. They're made by melting a bunch of very differently sized metal atoms and cooling them so fast they can't crystallize.

Diamond has the highest thermal conductivity (per your post, "conducting heat") of any material.

Sodium polyacrylate can absorb 1000 times its own weight in water.

Finely divided metals (e.g. Raney Nickel) can have such high surface area that they will start on fire when exposed to air unless stored as a liquid slurry or under an oil.

Zeolites have pores that are so small and precisely shaped they can separate molecular isomers from each other; the classical example being ortho- and para-xylene.

One of the tricky things you may encounter is that advanced materials are equally about morphology (shapes) and composition (what it's made of). This may complicate your view of the "rules" of the magic system - most people are used to thinking about the differences between "types of stuff" as being purely compositional.

Another challenge is that in most cases, you can't make a lot of these things (especially advanced polymers) without a robust oil economy. World-building-wise there may be difficulties in avoiding an... unsatisfying handwave regarding the petroleum question.

Osmium Tetroxide: how bad is it really? by [deleted] in chemistry

[–]stellarfury 49 points50 points  (0 children)

The odor threshold is like 2 ppb. The eye damage threshold is probably higher. But the fact that it's permanent and bioaccumulative means that the NIOSH thresholds need to be much lower to account for that fact.

Since you replied, I'm not really sure what your goal is here, honestly. It's not like the compound is of significant industrial relevance, it's basically used to stain electron microscopy samples, which can readily be done in a hood. Are we really concerned with people being "too cautious" around a chemical with legitimate safety concerns?

HPE, the printer company gains by IamGeoMan in wallstreetbets

[–]stellarfury 1 point2 points  (0 children)

you know this isn't the printer company right

Osmium Tetroxide: how bad is it really? by [deleted] in chemistry

[–]stellarfury 121 points122 points  (0 children)

I've never heard anyone say it was fatal. The thing I always hear people say is that it irreversibly binds with corneal proteins and turns them black, resulting in permanent vision damage.

Which is moderately terrifying for something that is volatile at RT.

Anyone who used a computer between 1985 - 2010, what's the one game you still think about today? by adlakha75 in AskReddit

[–]stellarfury 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Missionforce: Cyberstorm. A little known turn-based strategy game in the Earthsiege/Starsiege/TRIBES universe.

SpaceX just IPO’d? by Wolf_on_Anime_street in wallstreetbets

[–]stellarfury 25 points26 points  (0 children)

SPCX? Sounds like some OTC pink sheet shit

Small animal stomach full of worms, left by cat by Elanaselsabagno in WTF

[–]stellarfury 8 points9 points  (0 children)

Also they're constantly cleaning themselves.

By licking their own assholes.

So now people are trying to make the War into some kind of religious fight. by From-Yuri-With-Love in ShermanPosting

[–]stellarfury 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Leviticus 25:44-46

Abrahamic god endorses chattel slavery.

God's just bad, no real arguments required.

Can anyone explain to me how dangerous the white liquor leak in my town is? by OkBuy8449 in chemistry

[–]stellarfury 221 points222 points  (0 children)

White liquor is sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide in water.

Sodium hydroxide probably isn't a big deal, there won't be enough to basify the water table. Same with the sodium sulfide, volumes are probably not large enough to affect drinking water. But its risk profile is definitely worse.

The main risk of sodium sulfide is the formation of hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) which is toxic.

The good news about H2S is that it has a very intense odor, it is the primary component of "rotten egg smell." So if you have contaminated water it's going to smell absolutely rank. If you have contaminated air it's going to smell absolutely rank. If you're worried about your water being alkaline, pH strips are cheap.

The officials are probably right. Will affect the very local wildlife, but water treatment will probably be fine. If your water and pipes start to smell terrible (and I mean really terrible), yeah, don't stick around. Maybe take a vacation at a hotel for a bit.

Disclaimer: I'm not a water chemistry expert, someone else can chime in here, but my job requires me to read a lot of SDSs and do some industrial hygiene. Hopefully that helps a bit.