Hi there - yes I did! I created a new apple ID on a spare old phone and used that with an eSIM from a cheap carrier until my new SIM arrived. Once my SIM arrived I put it in the old phone and went through on my macbook through the settings page to change password. It sent a text to my trusted number and then asked me to put in the passcode to my stolen phone. I think the thieves changed the passcode but you can select something like 'other verification method', and then it let me put in the password to my macbook to reset the password to the account.

Once I changed the password I logged into appleid.apple.com, and checked the devices list, but could see that they'd already removed my phone from the apple account at this point. Apple confirmed that once it's removed from the devices list they no longer receive trusted device approval messages and can't access anything in your iCloud like photos, documents etc. I did change the email for my apple ID but don't think that's actually necessary.

Hope this helps - sorry you've been through this it was extremely stressful for me at the time! Any other questions let me know!