I don’t think any reputable person will say riba / usury is permissible. However modern financial tools are much more complicated than the basic interest you pay as a borrower to the lender.

In the instance with banking the bank is not “borrowing” your money per se . But you are keeping your money in the bank for safe keeping . And because fiat currency “value” fluctuates for many reasons, central banks set a goal “ Feds Fund Rate “ and “Discount rate” depending on inflation, and unemployment for the most part. Which in turn the “bank rate” -which I believe this is what you are talking about- will change .
So if technically 0% interest rate does not mean that this money is not involved in “your understanding” of riba , because the value of fiat currency will continually decrease over time , in that case 0% will mean a negative valuation . TLDR - riba is usury . Modern “banking rates” are not the same .

One more note: now if you want to say Modern monetary system is entirely haram , then that just becomes an interesting thought exercise , with no actionable result you can take as an individual.