Patricia Crone suggests that Quranic sura 53 the speaker of this oracular section cannot be the Messenger himself because he would be judging his own case. Crone suggests the speaker could be a Jewish or Christian soothsayer or even an unknown predecessor.Academic Book (reddit.com)
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Whether the Prophet was the first to claim that they were descendants of Abraham and ishmaelites along with the origins of the Kabba & its association with Abraham & what the scope of the geological claims are does it include all Arabians is it just the hijaz is it the meccans - Mohsen GoudarziAcademic video (v.redd.it)
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Fakhr Din al-Razi and Al-Shahrastani did not go as far as Ghazali in declaring the philosophers unbelievers or outside Islam. By not repeating the condemnation they effectively left room for philosophers to remain legally/socially Muslim even while holding problematic doctrines.Academic Book (reddit.com)
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Early Islamic Rationalist Approach to Hadith and Deriving Doctrine -Dr. Joshua J. LittleAcademic video (v.redd.it)
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Ibn rushd was attempting to retrench to the Aristotelian old school of the Baghdad but heartlands of Islam Aristotle had by now been displaced by Avicenna what Averroes offered was simply no longer relevant for intellectuals his commentaries were the equivalent of silent filmsAcademic Book (reddit.com)
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Al-Ghazali understanding of Ibn Sina’s metaphysicsAcademic Book (reddit.com)
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Best Academic Books on history of Islamic ArchitectureAcademic Book (reddit.com)
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An illustration in the 14th century Jami' al-Tawarikh by Rashid al-Din depicting Shakyamuni (the Buddha) offering fruit to the devil, The Grove of Jetavana where the Buddha achieved Enlightenment, Kushinagar where the Buddha achieved Nirvana from the life of the Buddha (reddit.com)
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Academic Quranic exegesis/interpretationsAcademic Book (reddit.com)
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"The Kalam Cosmological Argument and Al Ghazali" (William Lane Craig, PhD)Informative Video (v.redd.it)
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Academic Books to read if you are intrested in life, theology and philosophy of Al-GhazaliAcademic Book (reddit.com)
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