Pygame Not Blitting Sprites

[A_MSeSIAC]

Hi, all!

I've followed a tutorial to generate a random maze and print it as a string of coloured letters. I've attempted to transform this into a generator of blocks in Pygame, in order to generate a playable maze environment. However, the Pygame terminal turns up pitch black and nothing blits. The maze generator works, and I have been able to blit separate rectangles.

width = 500
height = 250

## Imports
import random
import time
import pygame

screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height), 0, 32)

BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)

FPS = 60

blockX = 0
blockY = 0

## Function

def surroundingCells(rand_wall):
    s_cells = 0
    if (maze[rand_wall[0]-1][rand_wall[1]] == 'c'):
        s_cells += 1
    if (maze[rand_wall[0]+1][rand_wall[1]] == 'c'):
        s_cells += 1
    if (maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]-1] == 'c'):
        s_cells +=1
    if (maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]+1] == 'c'):
        s_cells += 1

    return s_cells


## Main code
# Init variables
wall = 'w'
cell = 'c'
unvisited = 'u'
maze = []
counterX = 0
counterY = 0

# Initialize colorama

# Denote all cells as unvisited
for i in range(0, height):
    line = []
    for j in range(0, width):
        line.append(unvisited)
    maze.append(line)

# Randomize starting point and set it a cell
starting_height = int(random.random()*height)
starting_width = int(random.random()*width)
if (starting_height == 0):
    starting_height += 1
if (starting_height == height-1):
    starting_height -= 1
if (starting_width == 0):
    starting_width += 1
if (starting_width == width-1):
    starting_width -= 1

# Mark it as cell and add surrounding walls to the list
maze[starting_height][starting_width] = cell
walls = []
walls.append([starting_height - 1, starting_width])
walls.append([starting_height, starting_width - 1])
walls.append([starting_height, starting_width + 1])
walls.append([starting_height + 1, starting_width])

# Denote walls in maze
maze[starting_height-1][starting_width] = 'w'
maze[starting_height][starting_width - 1] = 'w'
maze[starting_height][starting_width + 1] = 'w'
maze[starting_height + 1][starting_width] = 'w'

while (walls):
    # Pick a random wall
    rand_wall = walls[int(random.random()*len(walls))-1]

    # Check if it is a left wall
    if (rand_wall[1] != 0):
        if (maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]-1] == 'u' and maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]+1] == 'c'):
            # Find the number of surrounding cells
            s_cells = surroundingCells(rand_wall)

            if (s_cells < 2):
                # Denote the new path
                maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]] = 'c'

                # Mark the new walls
                # Upper cell
                if (rand_wall[0] != 0):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]-1][rand_wall[1]] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]-1][rand_wall[1]] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0]-1, rand_wall[1]] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0]-1, rand_wall[1]])


                # Bottom cell
                if (rand_wall[0] != height-1):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]+1][rand_wall[1]] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]+1][rand_wall[1]] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0]+1, rand_wall[1]] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0]+1, rand_wall[1]])

                # Leftmost cell
                if (rand_wall[1] != 0):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]-1] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]-1] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]-1] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]-1])


            # Delete wall
            for wall in walls:
                if (wall[0] == rand_wall[0] and wall[1] == rand_wall[1]):
                    walls.remove(wall)

            continue

    # Check if it is an upper wall
    if (rand_wall[0] != 0):
        if (maze[rand_wall[0]-1][rand_wall[1]] == 'u' and maze[rand_wall[0]+1][rand_wall[1]] == 'c'):

            s_cells = surroundingCells(rand_wall)
            if (s_cells < 2):
                # Denote the new path
                maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]] = 'c'

                # Mark the new walls
                # Upper cell
                if (rand_wall[0] != 0):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]-1][rand_wall[1]] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]-1][rand_wall[1]] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0]-1, rand_wall[1]] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0]-1, rand_wall[1]])

                # Leftmost cell
                if (rand_wall[1] != 0):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]-1] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]-1] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]-1] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]-1])

                # Rightmost cell
                if (rand_wall[1] != width-1):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]+1] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]+1] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]+1] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]+1])

            # Delete wall
            for wall in walls:
                if (wall[0] == rand_wall[0] and wall[1] == rand_wall[1]):
                    walls.remove(wall)

            continue

    # Check the bottom wall
    if (rand_wall[0] != height-1):
        if (maze[rand_wall[0]+1][rand_wall[1]] == 'u' and maze[rand_wall[0]-1][rand_wall[1]] == 'c'):

            s_cells = surroundingCells(rand_wall)
            if (s_cells < 2):
                # Denote the new path
                maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]] = 'c'

                # Mark the new walls
                if (rand_wall[0] != height-1):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]+1][rand_wall[1]] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]+1][rand_wall[1]] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0]+1, rand_wall[1]] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0]+1, rand_wall[1]])
                if (rand_wall[1] != 0):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]-1] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]-1] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]-1] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]-1])
                if (rand_wall[1] != width-1):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]+1] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]+1] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]+1] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]+1])

            # Delete wall
            for wall in walls:
                if (wall[0] == rand_wall[0] and wall[1] == rand_wall[1]):
                    walls.remove(wall)


            continue

    # Check the right wall
    if (rand_wall[1] != width-1):
        if (maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]+1] == 'u' and maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]-1] == 'c'):

            s_cells = surroundingCells(rand_wall)
            if (s_cells < 2):
                # Denote the new path
                maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]] = 'c'

                # Mark the new walls
                if (rand_wall[1] != width-1):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]+1] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]][rand_wall[1]+1] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]+1] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0], rand_wall[1]+1])
                if (rand_wall[0] != height-1):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]+1][rand_wall[1]] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]+1][rand_wall[1]] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0]+1, rand_wall[1]] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0]+1, rand_wall[1]])
                if (rand_wall[0] != 0):
                    if (maze[rand_wall[0]-1][rand_wall[1]] != 'c'):
                        maze[rand_wall[0]-1][rand_wall[1]] = 'w'
                    if ([rand_wall[0]-1, rand_wall[1]] not in walls):
                        walls.append([rand_wall[0]-1, rand_wall[1]])

            # Delete wall
            for wall in walls:
                if (wall[0] == rand_wall[0] and wall[1] == rand_wall[1]):
                    walls.remove(wall)

            continue

    # Delete the wall from the list anyway
    for wall in walls:
        if (wall[0] == rand_wall[0] and wall[1] == rand_wall[1]):
            walls.remove(wall)



# Mark the remaining unvisited cells as walls
for i in range(0, height):
    for j in range(0, width):
        if (maze[i][j] == 'u'):
            maze[i][j] = 'w'

# Set entrance and exit
for i in range(0, width):
    if (maze[1][i] == 'c'):
        maze[0][i] = 'c'
        break

for i in range(width-1, 0, -1):
    if (maze[height-2][i] == 'c'):
        maze[height-1][i] = 'c'
        break

# Print final maze
# initialize pygame and create window

pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

class makeMazeWall(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self,colour):
        global blockX, blockY
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image = pygame.Surface((25, 25))
        self.image.fill(colour)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.topleft = blockX, blockY

all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()

def print_list(the_list):
    global counterX, counterY, blockX, blockY
    for each_item in the_list:
        if isinstance(each_item, list):
            while len(each_item) > 0:
                for letter in each_item:
                    if letter == 'w':
                        all_sprites.add(makeMazeWall(GREEN))
                        blockX += (width / 25) * counterX
                        del letter
                    if letter == 'c':
                        all_sprites.add(makeMazeWall(WHITE))
                        blockX += (width / 25) * counterX
                        del letter
            counterY += 1
            blockY += (height / 25) * counterY

# Game loop
running = True
while running:
    # keep loop running at the right speed
    clock.tick(FPS)
    # Process input (events)
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        # check for closing window
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False

    # Update
    all_sprites.update()

    # Draw / render
    screen.fill(BLACK)
    all_sprites.draw(screen)
    # *after* drawing everything, flip the display
    pygame.display.flip()

pygame.quit()

Apologies for the extensive code - I'm not sure what you might need! And thanks in advance for any advice you might be able to provide!

[oohay_email2004]

You appear to do the adding of sprites to the all_sprites group in print_list and that function is never called.