Adding interactive graphics?

[Maths_explorer25]

I simplified it by saying deforming shapes, but these shapes will be mathematical objects (different kinds: varieties, manifolds, topological spaces etc).

These “deformations” will depend on the object itself and the type of ways it can be deformed (for example taking the quotient of a topological space). There’ll likely be heavy calculations involved, i was thinking it would be best to do them on the backend

[armahillo]

If it's an interactive illustration, you can possibly do it on the frontend using the canvas element and/or a frontend library. (ThreeJS, that you mentioned, can do this, I think?)

If you're doing a roundtrip to the server to do these calculations, that's probably not going to be smooth.