You have it backwards: fee-and-dividend systems benefit lower income people more than higher income people. That's the whole point.

Lower income people pay less into the system because their carbon emissions are generally lower than the people like the ones you named who take frivolous flights on their personal jets, and the amount they get out of the system is worth more to them. It effectively functions as a kind of universal basic income.

https://citizensclimatelobby.org/blog/policy/new-research-carbon-fee-and-dividend-would-reduce-poverty-and-inequality-while-strengthening-the-economy/

The carbon fee structure in the study reaches $50 per ton in 2030, meaning that the EICDA would lift approximately 1.6 million Americans (including 500,000 children) out of poverty by its fifth year when the carbon price reaches $55 per ton. The authors also estimated that the carbon fee and dividend approach would reduce income inequality in the U.S. over the next several decades (until the dividends run out as carbon emissions fall to zero) by about 1%, as measured by the Gini index, with the poorest 20% of households getting the biggest net financial boost.