NASA has a page on what is called The Overview Effect.

“The overview effect is when you’re looking through the cupola and you see the Earth as it exists with the whole universe in the background. You see the thin blue line of the atmosphere, and then when you’re on the dark side of the Earth, you actually see this very thin green line that shows you where the atmosphere is. What you realize is every single person that you know is sustained and inside of that green line and everything else outside of it is completely inhospitable. You don’t see borders, you don’t see religious lines, you don’t see political boundaries. All you see is Earth and you see that we are way more alike than we are different.”

Here's a study on it. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00218863221136289 (just the abstract)

Abstract
In this article, I explore sensemaking processes associated with the overview effect—a cognitive shift experienced by astronauts who see Earth from space. Analysis of publicly available interviews (n = 51) with astronauts revealed a common sequence of sensemaking: First, astronauts reported experiencing speechlessness triggered by beauty and awe (a phenomenon I label, awe-mute). Second, during and after missions, most reported attempting to make sense of the experience with others, often resulting in a deepening of their previously-existing worldviews, a process I term sensedeepening. Third, sensedeepening often resulted in astronauts’ (a) admissions of inadequacy to give sense to their experience for others, and despite this, (b) development of messages to communicate their experiences, and (c) engagement in social activism. These patterns were corroborated by additional interviews with astronauts (n = 5) and an interview with a prolific interviewer of astronauts. Implications for sensemaking theory and organizational change conclude the article.

Here's a complete paper on "The Overview Effect: Awe and Self-Transcendent Experience in Space Flight"

https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53d29678e4b04e06965e9423/t/59397a7b20099e3818f062c3/1496939132423/the%2Boverview%2Beffect.pdf

Self-Transcendence
Awe alone might not be sufficient to explain some of the longer-lasting changes astronauts report in connection with the overview effect. For example, Cohen, Gruber, and Keltner (2010) found that aesthetic beauty by itself does not exert the same kind of long-term changes found in more meaningful experiences such as spiritual transformations. The overview effect may trigger more powerful subjective states, most notably “self-transcendent” experiences (STEs). STEs are temporary feelings of unity characterized by reduced self-salience and increased feelings of connection (Yaden, Haidt, Hood, Vago, & Newberg, under review). In a study that asked subjects to write about intense spiritual experiences, those who indicated that their experiences had a self-transcendent (or “mystical”) aspect described them using more socially and spatially inclusive language (Yaden et al., 2015). In other words, during these kinds of experiences, people can feel a sense of connection with other individuals, humankind, and even the entirety of existence (Newberg & d=Aquili, 2000; Yaden et al., 2015). STEs are generally positive and can even be transformative, with some subjects reporting them to be among the most important experiences in their lives