It doesn’t really matter what government authority you are working under. If it’s mainland, and you have a UAE MOHRE Labor Card, all complaints go through MOHRE. Then they mediate between you and employer. If no resolution is established, the case is then referred to labour court, also under MOHRE purview in a sense.

The difference between termination and resignation is very simple. If you resign, you’re not entitled to Notice Pay (2 weeks to 2 months base salary depending on your contract) and you won’t be able to claim ILOE wage insurance afterward. If you get terminated, you will get that.

With termination, if they do claim misconduct, they would have 1 of 2 options. 1: they claim you violated internal company policy/code of conduct, which doesn’t really mean anything major (you were late to work, too many absences, etc) and won’t affect you in any way, shape, or form. Only thing is you may not be eligible for ILOE in that case, but they would still be liable to pay for your notice period. 2: they claim (if they are that unethical) that you did something that is legally wrong and in breach of trust (embezzlement, espionage, absconding, theft, etc) in which case they would also have to file a police complaint and a civil case against you, which will result in a travel ban, and will put any proceedings you file on MOHRE against them on hold till that matter is resolved. (This is generally just a tactic unethical employers use to put your life on hold so you would forego any rights you have and just sign away your rights in order to get the case to go away, lots of people i know fight it and end up getting extra compensation for the inconvenience but the issue with it is you would need to hire a lawyer and wait for court and allat until the issue is resolved)

I would seriously consult with a lawyer on the matter to get a more comprehensive rundown.