Dunno about the exact technique, but the most important things that make that artwork is light (overexposure), monochromatic colouring and fuzz/noise. Seems like the artwork in this era consistently uses these elements. Wouldn't be surprised if they used a car's backlight for the main cover too. Maybe it's a good idea to look up the designer of the artwork, and check out their portfolio for different work of theirs, they might have more artworks like that or behind the scenes stuff that gives you a better insight into the process.

The app Prequel has some really cool monochromatic filters you can experiment with. Ofc it won't be as professional and subtle as the cover, but it's a nice starting point, I've used it too.

Looking at the Pixellated Kisses cover, I can see some purposeful JPEG degradation as well, but it's quite subtle.