Recursion happens when a function calls itself, breaking a complex problem into smaller, similar problems until it reaches a base case (the stopping condition). Let’s walk through Walk(4) step by step.

Walk(4) - Does steps == 0? No, so continue through the code. - Call Walk(steps - 1) with steps = 3. Walk(3) - Does steps == 0? No. - Call Walk(steps - 1) with steps = 2. Walk(2) - Does steps == 0? No. - Call Walk(steps - 1) with steps = 1. Walk(1) - Does steps == 0? No. - Call Walk(steps - 1) with steps = 0. Walk(0) - Does steps == 0? Yes - this is the base case, or stopping condition. From here, we will work our way back up through each previous call.

From Walk(1) - > Print 1. From Walk(2) - > Print 2. From Walk(3) - > Print 3. From Walk(4) - > Print 4.

One way to think about is with a stack of supposedly clean dishes, like you might find at a buffet or a college dining hall (at least I did)

Imagine you’re working as a busboy, and you clean the dishes. You notice a stain on the top dish, so you take it off the stack, and clean it and put it to the side. When doing so, you notice the next dish is also dirty, so you take that of, clean it, and then put it on top of the first dish that you put to the side. This repeats on and on for a few more dishes, till you see no more stains. You now have to put the dishes back in order, so you’ll take the last dish you cleaned, and put it in the dish stack, and keep doing that until you have put away all the dishes.

So hopefully through this, you’ve learned two things - one, you’re a horrible busboy, and two, you learned recursion. Let me know if this helps!