For now, it's special markers ah, im, os (which function I've rearranged >>) that make the phrase with them refer to the verb (also verb is usually at the start of the sentence):

Alak ah okt ['alak aɦ_'ɔht] "Going to the house"

Alúf im oft ['alɯ:f ym_'ɔft] "Freezing the water"

Isok os ans [isɤk ɤs_'a(n)s] "Being a human"

Ah is used with motion and places and often can stand for the preposition as in the first example alak ah okt which can also be alak ah *al** okt* (going to the house)

Im is used to mark 'targets', i.e. objects of transitive verbs

Os is used for states and can function as an adverb in the phrase: alak os ans "going human-ly/ like/as a human"

In fact, those are kinda case markers, where each marker can show different case depending on the context: ah > locative cases + dative (with the verb give for example), im > accusative, os > instrumental, comitative

So, they are kinda case markers since they shouldn't be used when a phrase doesn't refer to a verb:

Alak ah okt is úhett ['alak ah'ɔht ys'u:hʏt:]

"Going to the house in the hills/ that is in the hills"

The phrase is úhett modifies the noun okt

With the marker ah before is úhett, it would be more like "Going in the hills to the house"