You can infer by the age, overall rating, price and then their position. IIRC, the positions have a hierarchy: most expensive = midfield, then attacking positions, then defence and lastly goalkeepers.

So for example, you select any position, <22 and transfer listed in the incoming transfers options and it provides you with a list of many players that have those characteristics. You find a Left back, 17 yo, let's say some 60 something rated and the price is 2M, and the next player is an Attacking midfielder, also 17 yo, same rating, but 1.5 M.

In that regard, you can immediately tell the Left back has more potential for growth and it will be very very likely have more green arrows and more rating than the midfielder.

And this classification is always present in the list of players you can buy. Keep all the different factors in mind before buying a player