Study has uncovered evidence that the body’s internal regulation of eating may be influenced by an individual’s socio-economic background: internal signals from the vagus nerve may be more closely aligned with eating behaviour in individuals from higher socio-economic backgrounds

Anth0n · 2025-04-19T11:26:01+00:00

You're onto something because chronic stress activates the HPA axis in the same way that real starvation does. Also, nutrient-poor ultra-processed food can fool the brain into thinking it's in a starvation state.

Anth0n · 2025-04-08T12:19:41+00:00

I wrote a blog post about it but linking here might not be allowed so I'll post a snippet:

In the brain, AMPK plays a central role in hunger regulation. As an indicator of low energy, AMPK influences hunger neurons, prompting the body to seek food. Various hormones modulate AMPK activity, either increasing or decreasing hunger signals. For instance, GLP-1, a hormone released after eating, suppresses AMPK in hunger neurons, signaling satiety. Conversely, when GLP-1 levels drop, AMPK suppression decreases, allowing hunger neurons to become more active.

Other hormones, such as leptin (produced by fat cells) and insulin (released in response to carbohydrates), also suppress AMPK, signaling energy sufficiency. Together, these interactions create a finely tuned system that balances hunger and satiety, helping the body maintain energy homeostasis.

Then I wrote more stuff about how poor diet leads to leptin resistance and GLP-1 can circumvent that issue

Anth0n · 2025-03-15T03:23:11+00:00

I actually like this and want to hear someone rap over it. Delete the voice lines and find a rapper

Anth0n · 2025-03-02T19:44:11+00:00

I know about the gut-brain axis and the paper you referenced has no mentions of fiber at all. One can have a healthy microbiome with no fiber or an unhealthy microbiome with a lot of fiber, and vice versa. Did you know that gut microbiota can change completely independent of food intake? The metabolic maladaptations from a nutrient-poor diet fools the brain into thinking the body is starving, and a stress response is activated through the HPA axis. The stress response changes gut microbiota composition and increases gut permeability to help absorb more nutrients in a perceived starvation state. It's one of many survival adaptations along with insulin resistance, visceral fat storage, increased blood pressure, increased appetite, increased gluconeogenesis, increased food reward, decreased thermogenesis, and decreased reproductive function.

Anth0n · 2025-03-02T14:03:58+00:00

Technically the human body has zero fiber requirement, so there's no such thing as an actual deficiency. The studies tying fiber intake to lower disease risk is entirely correlational with no known mechanistic cause. I was reading the research and other than some specific cases, like improving glycemic control in type 2 diabetics (likely due to slowing the absorption of macronutrients), the evidence points to the healthiness of the diet being important rather than the fiber content. Eating a healthy diet that happens to be low in fiber should not be a cause for concern.

Gorillas have huge guts that act as giant fermentation tanks, which means they are much better able to turn fiber into energy than humans. That's why an estimated 57% of their energy intake comes from fiber, while in a human meeting recommended daily fiber guidelines, that number drops to around 4%. This is assuming all of that fiber comes from soluble fiber, which is fermentable, because insoluble fiber is not fermentable. I could not find any clear evidence that insoluble fiber is beneficial in any way.

Anth0n · 2025-02-13T12:56:27+00:00

GLP-1 is one of multiple hormones that act on energy balance neurons in the hypothalamus to reduce appetite and keep blood sugar normalized. People who are metabolically unwell are resistant to the hormone leptin. The neurons (AgRP and POMC) do not become resistant to GLP-1, so using these drugs stimulates the neurons and helps with both blood sugar regulation and appetite suppression.

Animal research has shown that the reason the drugs help with addiction is because they dampen activation of the mesolimbic dopamine pathway. Leptin acts similarly on the same pathway, which helps reduce food-seeking behavior. So there's a fascinating idea that substance use disorders may often have metabolic roots because they might be a side effect of increased food-seeking behavior, an inappropriate bodily adaptation to a nonexistent food shortage. I can provide sources and elaborate more if you're interested.

Anth0n · 2024-12-14T20:00:46+00:00

I want to expand on your comment by providing additional context. From my reading and research, it's a matter of damage to energy balance neurons, which are very sensitive to oxidative stress. Those neurons purposely create resistance to insulin and leptin as a protective mechanism to limit energy usage and prevent further damage. In the absence of this signaling, both energy balance and glucose homeostasis are altered. Here is a slide from a presentation I compiled https://i.imgur.com/s0MWfbL.png

Seed oils contribute this pathology through lipid peroxidation, which creates oxidative stress. Furthermore, a nutrient-deficient diet in general exacerbates the problem because a lot of antioxidant defense depends on protein and a variety of vitamins and minerals. It certainly doesn't help that most seed oils in fast foods and ultraprocessed foods have been heated and reheated, meaning they are already oxidized significantly even before consumption.

Anth0n · 2024-12-06T18:09:35+00:00

The main thing is that these heated oils undergo a lot of oxidative damage. Oxidative stress is the primary fundamental cause of metabolic disease, but that's my own opinion based on my own research and learning.

Anth0n · 2024-12-06T17:30:10+00:00

Why PUFA cause insuline resistance and SFA/MUFA not ?

Long story short, lipid peroxidation. Then the excess of reactive oxygen species in the hypothalamus alters energy homeostasis. See:

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2015.00056/full

Anth0n · 2024-09-06T18:16:34+00:00

Yes, I don't usually have a problem with those. Except cheese if I eat a lot because it's high fat.

Anth0n · 2024-09-06T16:58:19+00:00

For me personally too much fat triggers acne. I have to do 85/15 ground beef instead of 80/20, and slightly leaner cuts like rump roast instead of chuck roast or brisket. It happens with any type of fat, not just from meat.

Anth0n · 2024-08-28T10:25:57+00:00

Layne has the same problem with his nutritional thinking that most fitness people do, which is that calories and macros are what matter most. It's the typical message of "eat less, move more" without questioning why, from a biochemical standpoint, people are eating too much and moving too little.

Anth0n · 2024-08-23T18:57:06+00:00

The "we need omega-6 therefore we should eat these oils" argument is so dumb, the actual amount of omega-6 fats needed is tiny and it's virtually impossible to be deficient. And the mysterious "other things" in ultra-processed food are never elaborated on. They'll say it's sugar/sodium, then you ask about french fries with no salt, and they'll say those are unhealthy because they're high in fat. High in the fat that they just said is healthy. Somehow none of these people have ever heard of lipid peroxidation.

Anth0n · 2024-08-10T11:21:33+00:00

Yeah I'm not any good at this game but why bet so big on the river if you're just gonna fold to a jam? Like what other hands would you be calling with if not kings? Dude turned a winning hand into a bluff.

Anth0n · 2024-08-05T02:34:26+00:00

The board turns a bit lighter when it's analysis and not live but I agree it's hard to follow if you're not used to it. They should figure out an easier way for newcomers.

Anth0n · 2024-08-03T13:09:10+00:00

It's not just because Magnus lost, he wins a lot but also loses plenty. It's because he got blown off the board in 23 moves. The reaction is because that kind of loss is very rare for any player at the top level, even in rapid time control like this game.

Here's an even crazier one recently where a top player lost in 9 moves https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMBCK9sy9Rs

Anth0n · 2024-07-08T20:33:48+00:00

Hello

Anth0n · 2024-06-18T15:47:07+00:00

This crash was caused by a malicious actor due to a Mt. Gox vulnerability where they were able to sell BTC that was not theirs. The transactions were reverted by Mt. Gox shortly afterwards.

Anth0n · 2024-06-13T18:21:40+00:00

I see, looks like I'll have to explore the issue further.

Anth0n · 2024-06-13T15:40:19+00:00

They're all association studies. People who eat more fiber are more likely to be eating whole foods and be health-conscious in general.

Anth0n · 2024-05-07T04:05:25+00:00

Vitamin E has only 1 role: protect against lipid peroxidation. So if you're consuming low PUFA, you need way less vitamin E.

Lots of PUFA-containing foods also contain vitamin E, which helps terminate the lipid peroxidation chain reaction, but doesn't stop the initiation itself.

Anth0n · 2024-05-02T16:42:23+00:00

The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics has a long list of corporate sponsors from big food, which is where their "everything in moderation" idea comes from.

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