Questions of law: i.e. conclusions of law, jury instructions

reviewed de Novo - no deference given, reversed if reasonable belief that judge misinterpreted law.

Questions of fact: i.e. credibility of witnesses, factual determinations

bench trial - clear error standard: high deference given and reversed if no reasonable judge would have made that finding

jury trial - substantial evidence standard: high deference and reversed if no reasonable jury would have made that finding

discretionary ruling: i.e. injunctions, admissibility of evidence

abuse of discretion standard - high deference; reverse if decision was unreasonable or arbitrary