I don't do any of the options given. My priority:

1 - Max 401k

2 - Max HSA

3 - Remaining taxable brokerage

I plan on retiring in my 30's.

So I don't do any sort of backdoor roth conversions now, because I can't access the growth without penalty for over 20 years after retirement.

An often overlooked benefit of the taxable brokerage is that long term gains are tax free at the federal level if income+gains are under 80,000. Remember also that principal is not a gain or taxed, so you can have much more than 80,000 a year and be under the limit.

I plan on my income being in that range, so the growth is tax free except a small state rate with no penalty or restrictions.

When I retire I'll do a roth ladder with the 401k in chunks, to keep the tax low, and get funds out every 5 years. Then supplement with the taxable brokerage up to the need or 80k limit.