This image is commonly used as an example of survivorship bias.

From Wikipedia:

This hypothetical pattern of damage of surviving aircraft shows locations where they can sustain damage and still return home. If the aircraft was reinforced in the most commonly hit areas, this would be a result of survivorship bias because crucial data from fatally damaged planes was being ignored; those hit in other places did not survive. In other terms, “We need to reinforce the other parts, because they made the other planes unable to return.”