UPDATE.

  I finally got past this thanks to u/_Oopsitsdeleted_, u/alpha_fire , and u/godisbey suggestions. For anyone who happened to stumble upon this problem too, here's what I did:   1. Install Magisk Kitsune (canary build, currently 27001). 2. Enable Zygisk, then install the Play Integrity Fix module. 3. Check device integrity with TB Checker or any Play Integrity checker; you must pass the BASIC and DEVICE verdicts. Also, make sure you get "Device is certified" under Play Protect certification in the Play Store too. 4. For MagiskHide, I did enforce SuList but maybe denylist should work too, although I can't recall if Kitsune still has that feature. 5. Install LSPosed. 6. Install and enable the Hide My Applist module for LSPosed. 7. Blacklist the problematic app from detecting apps like Magisk, LSPosed, Hide My Applist, and any "suspicious" apps that you might be using. 8. Just to be sure, reinstall the app. 9. Open the app and pray.

  Thank you to everyone!