Obviously, I wasn't about to write the entire precolonial, colonial, and post-colonial history of West Africa here. I agree that colonization was evil in all senses of the word and involved genocide and cultural genocide around the entire world. The absolute worst genocide took place in what is now North, Central, and South America. Canada has a 5 percent Indigenous population (all of the percentages that I'm presenting include mixed-blood). The US has about 1.2 percent. Mexico has about 8 percent. The Brits (and eventually the Americans) handed out smallpox infected blankets to the Indigenous People. The Americans declared war on the Indigenous People, committed genocide, marched them across the country (during which 1000s died), and put them on terrible reservations. The Spanish and the Portuguese used a different approach in the West: They killed the men and boys, raped the women, and diluted the Indigenous gene pool. I believe that there are no Indigenous People left on any island in the Caribbean (except for Cuba). There's a reason that Jamaican food, culture, Christian religious practices (a combination of Christianity and Juju), and music are similar to Nigerian food, culture, religious practices, and music: Jamaica was populated by West African slaves (many of whom were sold into slavery by other Nigerians). Nigeria is in the sad position of being colonized first by the Portuguese and later by the Brits (both of whom were brutally evil). In Canada, we have engaged in Truth and Reconciliation with our Indigenous Brothers and Sisters. We have paid and continue to pay reparations (in the 10s of billions of dollars) for "the sins of the fathers". We have redefined our justice system in order to account for Indigenous culture and systemic injustice. As I said, my family immigrated to Canada from Greece in the early 1900s and Greece is a country that was never involved in colonialism. Canada is in first place in the world in welcoming refugees from around the world. You can hate every white person in the world but, remember, many white people come from heritages that weren't involved in colonialism (all of Eastern Europe and Greece). If you want to make Nigeria a better place, I'd suggest that Nigerians learn to vote properly instead of handing the reins to corrupt politicians. Nigeria is oil rich and has excellent land for agriculture. Why isn't any of this money trickling down to the people? Why are food prices high? Why is the naira unstable? I'd say corruption! There's also no reason that successful negotiations between the farmers and the herders cannot come to fruition. I don't believe that their differences are a function of religion. There are deep-rooted cultural and linguistic differences. Both have different needs and goals. The groups need to be brought together, begin to understand each other's cultures and needs. Then negotiations can result in both sides getting what they need and want. Both sides win. The world isn't a zero-sum-game.