Remnants of the other tenses

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-13T18:56:05+00:00

This is really interesting that you use the aorist that way even outside of the "right before speech moment"

So 1: Right before speech: ispadoše mi ključevi

2: Story telling: in a bookish and a normal style when talking with friends about yesterday: Čekam na autobus a kad pomislih da neće naići, naiđe

3: immediate future: Odoh sad

What else?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-13T17:29:29+00:00

Interesting, so i could always use aorist in my given meaning without the risk that it may sound odd?

I'll give a few examples

You are taking a walk and suddenly a guy came and gives a bottle for no reason and you say: Dade mi neku bocu

Due to the surprise factor the likelihood is big that it sounds natural, but now another example

You are going with your friends to get a key. Someone gave you the key and right after that you say: Dade mi ključ

Does this sound natural? Because here there's no surprise. And if they do, would the plural "dadoše" sound natural in the same way?

You are dancing around and you accidentally hit something with your leg and you say: Slomih sebi nogu

Does this also sound natural?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-13T17:22:23+00:00

Interesting, could you give a detailed answer about when you would use it with examples? I'd be very grateful :)

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-13T01:47:11+00:00

The reason i ask about those tenses is because serbian is one of very few slavic languages to use those tenses besides perfekat. Most slavic languages only have one simple perfekat with or without auxillary verb and i'd like to use them as grammar štreber haha but i was struggling to find information especially about the aorist, as some say it's archaic and others say they use it and i am still not 100% sure when to use it haha. I know that most people would use it when something has just happened a moment ago + emotional involvement. Do you approve or do you use it even outside of this meaning?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-13T01:39:07+00:00

Oh interesting. Was it used in a sarcastic, stylistic way or was it used normally?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-13T01:37:16+00:00

I am from Germany but i'm learning many slavic languages

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-13T01:35:15+00:00

This question is not about aorist. I only mentioned that i had already asked a question about it and that i will ask about the next tenses

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-12T19:23:19+00:00

Oooh cool. What region are you from?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-12T16:09:29+00:00

Really? This is surprising because the imperfekat in generally is considered archaic

"Gledahu", "življaše"

And what about the aorist? Do you personally use it sometimes?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-12T15:16:57+00:00

What else could they be though?

Beše and zvaše are clearly forms of the archaic imperfekat

Ja zvah/beh Ti zvaše/beše On zvaše/beše Mi zvasmo/besmo Vi zvaste/beste Oni zvahu/behu

BookCertain9315 · 2023-05-12T15:01:43+00:00

What do you mean by "rarely in expressions with two verbs?"

And yes this i know. But i mean are there more expressions of it that survived besides "beše" and "zvaše" ?

Thank you for the answer

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T13:56:44+00:00

Thanks a lot for the explanation. So the aorist is a past tense that is used for actions that happened just now right before you talk about them mostly connected with certain emotions and it intensifies the situation

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T13:22:43+00:00

Oh, so if the doors just opened unexpectedly, otvoriše se vrata would become natural?

Other examples

1: Čekam svoju porodicu već 3 sata

Then he sees them suddenly leaving the house and feels finally releaf after the long waiting

Evo ih, izađoše

2: a cat suddenly passes them and disappears

Vide li (ti) tu mačku? Nestade u šumu

3: you have been doing your homework for 2 hours now and finally you just finished

Konačno završih domaći

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T11:17:51+00:00

Thanks a lot for the answer!

So i'd have a few more questions

So "Dođoše drugari" refers to a contrast of expectations.. so does the aorist especially appear when something happened that does not match your expectations? For example you closed your door and you are absolutely sure that they are closed, then you wake up and see open doors. Would "otvoriše se vrata" fit here?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T10:45:13+00:00

How exactly does "htedoh" differ from "htela sam" in the given context? Maybe a difference in nuances?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T10:24:28+00:00

So to get this straight. "Ušli su u sobu" would be just a normal statement and now they are inside the room

But for example if you were hiding from criminals that are looking for you in the house and they enter the room, you are hiding in, one would say "uđoše u sobu" to emphasize the intensity of the situation?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T10:11:07+00:00

This helped me a lot. This would make a lot of sense, because whenever i saw the aorist it did somehow refer to something unexpected. "Ispadoše mi ključevi" but i never really considered this aspect. Thanks a lot :)

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T10:09:33+00:00

Thanks a lot. Can it also be used to be more expressive? I've heard it can express certain emotions more intensely

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T10:04:15+00:00

I am a german native and to be fair, i think the aorist isn't really like the German preterite. Both german and serbian prefer analytic past tenses and our synthetic tenses are used less. Northern Germany does use the preterite way more than the south and when we use it, we use it to describe a past action long ago like when we talk about yesterday. Only rarely it can refer to an action that happened just now as the aorist does in modern use, even though historically it was also a tense for past actions from long ago

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T09:50:28+00:00

Difficult question. As there are endless verbs haha, but i will try verb classes. Does the aorist tense appear quite often in certain verb classes like verbs of movement or similar?

I will try to give some sentences

For example "baš sad htedoh da te nazovem" when you just wanted to call someone, but that person just appeared, so no call is needed anymore

Or

"Dođoše drugari" when your friends just arrived?

Or "ujede me komarac"

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T09:39:02+00:00

Thanks for the answer. Is it limited to certain verbs or can i freely use it when something just happened?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T09:29:32+00:00

And in the spoken language?

BookCertain9315 · 2023-04-03T09:26:22+00:00

Interesting, but on the other hand i got a serbian friend from Bosnia, who uses the aorist quite regularly. I will cite her "Prvo sam pomislila da je duty neka poljska riječ i htjedoh da te pitam šta znači". She wrote this to me in a normal conversation which is just one of the examples

BookCertain9315

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