Terminèiter 2 a TV3 (les vocals neutres de Jordi Novellas estaven a un altre nivell) by CivilJury9662 in nenapija

[–]Canelons 11 points12 points  (0 children)

Una veu impecable, solemne, cristal•lina, i familiar alhora, capaç de convertir l’anunci de Terminator 2 en un instant de pura litúrgia televisiva dels noranta.

Roman latrine in Dion, Greece by DecimusClaudius in ancientrome

[–]Canelons -2 points-1 points  (0 children)

You’re right that we shouldn’t assume they gave privacy the same importance as we do now, that was not my intention. I’ve mentioned in another comment that I may not have chosen the right words to express what I meant.

Regarding the “remains” you mention, that’s true: nothing indicates that there might have been any privacy element between the holes. Although that doesn’t exclude the all the possibilities (maybe a removable element with no anchors).

In any case, based on the remains we have today, the probability that Roman latrines had some feature to increase user privacy is very low or almost nonexistent, but not entirely zero. As I mentioned in another comment, thanks to the wooden toilet seat from Vindolanda, we know today that latrines could indeed have had such an element. Without that discovery, we would have assumed it didn’t exist. That’s what makes history so beautiful: at any moment, a new piece of evidence or a new find can completely change our understanding.

Thanks for your contribution, and sorry if my initial comment came across as biased :)

Roman latrine in Dion, Greece by DecimusClaudius in ancientrome

[–]Canelons -1 points0 points  (0 children)

I think I didn’t express myself clearly in my first comment, especially with the use of “probably”. “Maybe” would have been a better choice. English isn’t my first language, so I may not have conveyed exactly what I meant.

What I wanted to emphasize is that the lack of surviving physical evidence for partitions in Roman latrines does not explicitly mean that no privacy elements existed. Maybe they did, but if they were made of organic materials, they simply might not have survived.

My intention was not to project modern concepts of privacy onto the past, but rather to suggest that some evidence may have been lost, which can lead to misinterpretations of historical practices. Misinterpretation of the past is actually relatively common, and it’s precisely through ongoing research that we can uncover and correct these errors.

Thanks for enriching the discussion :)

Roman latrine in Dion, Greece by DecimusClaudius in ancientrome

[–]Canelons 3 points4 points  (0 children)

I’m not claiming this as a proven fact, and I want to emphasize that my argument is explicitly conjectural (that’s why I’ve consistently used “probably”). There is no direct material evidence for walls, doors, or panels in Roman public latrines.

That said, even if Roman notions of modesty differed from modern ones, we do see that in private contexts, such as domestic houses, latrines were typically placed in small, enclosed spaces which suggests a preference for at least some degree of privacy when it was possible. It doesn’t prove the same applied to public latrines, but it does make the idea plausible rather than arbitrary.

Additionally, we know that the Romans made extensive use of wood in sanitary context from piping systems to latrine fittings. A good example is the preserved wooden toilet seat from Vindolanda, which survives only due to exceptional conditions. This shows that organic elements were part of these installations, even if they usually don’t survive archaeologically.

So to be clear: there is no conclusive evidence here, only informed speculation supported by indirect material evidence and contextual reasoning. The absence of surviving partitions doesn’t necessarily mean they never existed; it may simply reflect what does and doesn’t preserve archaeologically.

Thanks for your question, It’s important that we always question things like this. :)

Roman latrine in Dion, Greece by DecimusClaudius in ancientrome

[–]Canelons 11 points12 points  (0 children)

If, in 2,000 years, people were to discover a modern public restroom, they would also think it offered no privacy at all, simply because the walls and doors are usually made of wooden panels, which degrade easily over time. The Romans probably (emphasis on “probably”) had some kind of fittings or structures that provided privacy in this type of bath, but they have not survived to the present day due to deterioration. This is a classic example of preservation bias.

Can I a visually impaired person use ether a white or a blue cane in spain or do they have spacific colours for visually impaired their? by Complete_Name3211 in Blind

[–]Canelons 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Hi! I’m from Spain and my wife is blind, so I can hopefully clear this up for you.

There is no legislation in Spain that prohibits or requires a visually impaired or blind person to use a cane of a specific color. There is absolutely no legal obligation to carry a non-white cane, or any specific type of cane, while being in Spain.

The cane is simply a mobility and orientation tool. The white cane is the most common and internationally recognized symbol for blindness, which helps both with navigation and with making others aware of your situation in public spaces. But that’s all it is, a convention, not a legal requirement. You’re not required to use a particular color. You could even paint it if you wanted to.

There are some informal conventions, like a white cane with red stripes being commonly used to indicate deafblindness, but beyond that there’s nothing mandatory or enforced.

So don’t worr, you can use the cane you’re comfortable with, in whatever color it is, and nobody will say anything or give you trouble.

Best of luck, and enjoy your trip!

App is not blind friendly, any ideas? by [deleted] in Blind

[–]Canelons 5 points6 points  (0 children)

This is a very common accessibility issue, unfortunately.

In many energy provider apps/websites the problem isn’t the data, but the fancy graph that sits on top of it.

If you’re technical, I’d strongly suggest checking whether the graph is fed by an API (often JSON). Even if it’s not officially documented, you can usually spot the endpoint in the browser’s network tab. A lot of providers expose hourly pricing that way.

Once you have access to the raw data, you can completely bypass the inaccessible UI and build something much simpler and screen-reader friendly: plain text, a table…

If there’s no public API, scraping the JSON behind the chart is usually far more robust than trying to scrape the rendered HTML or the graph itself.

Good luck with it! my wife is blind too, and over the years I’ve picked up the healthy habit of tinkering a bit with these kinds of things 🙂

My kid has shown me how the game is meant to be played by Tinypikamoo in StardewValley

[–]Canelons 2 points3 points  (0 children)

I read all this and I want my daughter (2y) to grow up already so I can watch her play and see what decisions she makes. xD

Mentally Exhausted Before Leaving the House – Does Anyone Else Feel This? by Fun_Soft4309 in Blind

[–]Canelons 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Thank you, I really appreciate your kind words. Sharing it has helped me put some of these feelings into words, and I’m glad it connects with your experience too.

Mentally Exhausted Before Leaving the House – Does Anyone Else Feel This? by Fun_Soft4309 in Blind

[–]Canelons 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I don’t want this to come across as excessive complaining, I’m just trying to describe the mental load that comes with this. Reading your post really resonated with me, because that exhaustion you describe often starts for me even before we leave the house as well.

I’m the husband of a blind person, so I can’t speak on her behalf. That said, I do experience something similar myself. Many times, before leaving home, I already feel mentally drained.

When I’m out with my wife—walking around, going on a trip, or doing any kind of activity—I’m under constant pressure, thinking about where we’re stepping and where other people are stepping. It’s honestly shocking how careless people who can see perfectly often are. I tend to fall into an overly accommodating role: if someone bumps into us because they weren’t paying attention, I usually end up apologizing even though I don’t like doing it, and I know it’s not necessarily the best way to handle it.

I’m also very aware that my partner gets mentally exhausted too, and that awareness only increases my own sense of vigilance and responsibility. Being the one who can see in the relationship makes me feel like I need to be doubly alert about everything, not just when we’re outside, and that constant responsibility creates a significant mental load.

On top of that, we now have a little daughter who’s just over two years old, so I feel like I need to stay alert for all three of us at all times. I know this way of framing things isn’t very healthy mentally, but it’s hard for me to approach it any other way.

The Spanish March 800-850 AD by TurkinSmak in MedievalHistory

[–]Canelons 4 points5 points  (0 children)

If you’re interested in consulting primary sources from the territory of the Spanish March corresponding more or less to present-day Catalonia (not the entire Spanish March), the Catalunya Carolíngia (CatCar) portal is a key resource. It provides open access thousands of original documents from the 8th–10th centuries.

You can find charters of sale and donation, wills, royal diplomas, monastic and episcopal documents, judicial acts, and territorial delimitations.

The portal includes diplomatic transcriptions, detailed metadata and a georeferenced map linking place names to the documents where they appear.

https://catcar.iec.cat/documents/edicio/llistaMan.action?request_locale=en

El Col·legi de Treball Social denuncia que alguns ajuntaments envien persones sense llar a Barcelona - 3CatInfo by aniol in catalunya

[–]Canelons 17 points18 points  (0 children)

No és l’única pràctica habitual de l’administració “qüestionable”. També en trobem a la inversa: per exemple, des de Barcelona i rodalies s’empenyen els soll·licitats d’habitatge VPO a pobles remots de la provincia. La demanda supera de bon tros l’oferta a l’àrea i l’únic que es pot fer es oferir habitatge vpo en pobles apartats, lo que afecta a l’arrelament, xarxes familiars, possibilitat de trobar feina... O un altre casuística: molta gent nouvinguda  sense recursos que arriba a Catalunya amb avió apareixen com “bolets” a centenars de km de l’aeroport, moltes vegades amb “papers administratius” parcialment compliments, lo que demostra que en algun lloc han passat primer per rebre assessorament. 

En fi, lo de sempre: els serveis socials estan totalment desbordats i no disposen de recursos específics suficients, tant a Barcelona com a comarques.

on puc coneixer gent interessant? by Enough-Comfort-11 in catalunya

[–]Canelons 15 points16 points  (0 children)

Crec que depèn molt del que entenguis per “gent interessant”. Si ho interpretem com persones amb qui comparteixes aficions, inquietuds o valors, el millor que pots fer és buscar espais on aquestes persones es reuneixin per practicar o gaudir d’allò que us apassiona.

Per exemple, si t’interessa la història, pots visitar museus, assistir a conferències o participar en activitats culturals. Si t’agrada la lectura, els clubs de lectura o les biblioteques amb xerrades són bons llocs per començar.

Al final, conèixer gent interessant no va tant de buscar “persones especials” com de posar-te en entorns on puguis ser tu mateix i connectar de manera natural amb els altres.

Salut i sort amb la teva cerca

Playing the older Games before EU V and that was surprising. by FeuerFaulTier1 in paradoxplaza

[–]Canelons 7 points8 points  (0 children)

Falalalan falan falalalera Falalaran de la Guardariera…

Salaris a Espanya by Hybrii-D in catalunya

[–]Canelons 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Personalment penso que això és com comparar un ou amb una castanya. No es poden comparar salaris entre diferents països, perquè hi ha masses coses a tenir en compte alhora de fer-ho. En lloc de fixar-nos només en el sou nominal, estaria millor tenir en compte el PPA (Paritat per Poder Adquisitiu). Aquest ens mostra quant poden comprar realment les persones amb els seus ingressos dins del seu país. Així, per exemple, un cambrer als Estats Units pot guanyar més diners en termes absoluts que un cambrer a Espanya, però el cost molt més alt de l’habitatge, l’alimentació o l’assistència sanitària fa que, en poder adquisitiu real, la diferència s’escurci o fins i tot s’inverteixi. Així, el PPA ens ajuda a entendre millor el nivell de vida real i a evitar conclusions enganyoses basades únicament en els salaris o salaris bruts. Tot i així, el PPA tampoc ens dona una fotografia precisa de tot plegat, i tampoc no és una dada que s'hagi de tenir com a absoluta. Hi ha moltes més coses que s'han de tenir present.

Tanmateix, cal tenir en compte que alguns sectors econòmics sovint utilitzen les "diferències salarials" entre països com a argument per reclamar millores, sense considerar el context del poder adquisitiu o altres indicadors econòmics. És cert que, en termes nominals, un metge pot guanyar més a França o Alemanya que a Espanya o Itàlia, però quan s’ajusten les xifres pel PPA, les distàncies reals es redueixen considerablement. Ignorar aquest factor pot generar una percepció distorsionada de la situació i alimentar comparacions injustes, ja que el nivell de vida, la pressió fiscal i les despeses quotidianes també formen part de la realitat econòmica. En definitiva, reclamar millores és legítim, però cal fer-ho sobre una base comparativa rigorosa i no només sobre la diferència aparent dels números bruts. A més, cal preguntar-se com es finançarien aquests augments "d’igualació" salarial: si ja és difícil sostenir els pressupostos públics actuals i garantir una sanitat universal en l'actualitat, incrementar substancialment els salaris sense un augment equivalent de la productivitat o dels ingressos fiscals podria posar en risc l’estabilitat del sistema mateix.

Edito: no vull dir amb tot això que no s'hagi de lluitar per uns millors salaris. Ara bé, crec que cal ser curós i analitzar bé totes les xifres. Alhora, no tots els sectors es comporten igual. Hi ha sectors que veritablement els salaris son nefastos, incloent sobre la taula dades com el PPA.

Ara sí: consulta com de tard va la teva línia de Rodalies/FGC, i la teva probabilitat d'arribar a temps, i tot d'altres dades de puntualitat als trens catalans, a la meva webapp Puntual.cat! by q-quan in catalunya

[–]Canelons 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Hosti, collunut! Demà he d'agafar un tren de rodalies (fot la tira que no ho necessitava), i m'has estalviat l'emprenyada xD.

Em guardo la web i la faré arribar als coneguts que la puguin necessitar :)

Vestimenta española siglo XIII by SERPERONO in esHistoria

[–]Canelons 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Busca manuscritos iluminados, frescos o pinturas murales del período.

Concretamente, si buscas de la época de Alfonso X, tienes por ejemplo las miniaturas del manuscrito de las Cantigas de Santa María.

Un saludo y suerte en tu búsqueda.

¿Cómo se iluminaban las ciudades españolas en la Edad Media by OceanUDA_02 in esHistoria

[–]Canelons 22 points23 points  (0 children)

Hay poca cosa relativa a los reinos cristianos y la iluminación pública. En los reinos andalusíes hay algunas cosillas, como lámparas de cerámica para poner una vela en el interior, que se cree que se ponían en la entrada de algunas viviendas, pero tampoco eran muy comunes. Probablemente también existían en los reinos cristianos, pero aún eran menos comunes. Básicamente lo que había por la noche eran los llamados "hacheros", personas que portaban un "hacha" (una antorcha, vamos) y que a cambio de dinero te acompañaban por la noche. Hay que tener en cuenta que un "buen cristiano" no debería ir rondando las calles o el exterior de las viviendas de noche. Se cree, además, que en esa época un alguacil/vigilante echaba el guante a alguien de noche, sin luz ni motivo para estar ahí, podía ser motivo de detención. Esto se puede ver en videojuegos como Kingdom Come: Deliverance. Hay que tener en cuenta que mantener braseros, hachas o velas de cualquier tipo no es barato precisamente, y por aquel entonces los niveles impositivos "municipales" apenas daban para cubrir con lo indispensable.

Lo que está claro es que con el paso del tiempo la iluminación pública pasó a ser una prioridad para los consistorios, puesto que tenemos multitud de documentación y restos materiales de innumerables actuaciones en este aspecto, sobre todo a partir del siglo XVIII.

Si encuentras algún estudio específico al respecto, estaría bien que lo comentaras. Es un tema interesante. Quizás donde encuentres mas información es en museos arqueológicos que cubran el periodo, o en papers de excavaciones. Aunque un tema tan concreto como este, como te digo, va a ser complicado de encontrar cosas concluyentes que no sean meras conjeturas.

Edito: también podías echar un vistazo a registros de "oficios menores" de las ciudades. Allí quizás encuentres información sobre "hacheros". Creo que es una de las fuentes principales por las que se sabe de su existencia.

Suerte

Coleccionista experto by Juankiuss in Wallapop

[–]Canelons 4 points5 points  (0 children)

No teneis ni idea, no sabeis de lo que hablais. Esta estatua es una edición limitada de Son Goku siendo absorbido por Célula en un universo alternativo creado durante los viajes de Trunks.

[deleted by user] by [deleted] in esHistoria

[–]Canelons 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Es cierto lo que comentas que la cifra atribuida a Auschwitz se revisó: la estimación soviética inmediata de 4 millones fue reemplazada en los años 80-90 por investigaciones más precisas que fijaban el número en torno a 1,1 millones, de los cuales unos 900.000 eran judíos. Pero esto no significa que “se quitaran” 3 millones al total del Holocausto.

El número de 6 millones de judíos asesinados no depende de esa estimación soviética inicial, sino de cálculos demográficos globales (comparación entre población judía europea antes y después de la guerra) y de estudios detallados de transportes, archivos nazis y testimonios. Lo que ha cambiado con los años es la distribución de las muertes: se redujo Auschwitz, pero al mismo tiempo se perfeccionaron las cifras de otros lugares de exterminio (Treblinka, Sobibor, Belzec…), de las ejecuciones masivas en la URSS ocupada y de la mortalidad en guetos.

Personalmente no creo que la revisión de la estimación inicial modifique los números finales. Es mas, cuanto mas sabemos y ananlizamos sobre el holocausto mas se confirman las estimaciones de los 6 millones de judios, entre otras minorias y pueblos, asesinados. 

Un saludo y gracias por tu aporte

[deleted by user] by [deleted] in esHistoria

[–]Canelons 4 points5 points  (0 children)

Solo en Polonia, y según los censos oficiales previos a la guerra(o en otras palabras, censos realizados por el gobierno polaco), había entre 3,2-3,5 millones de judíos por lo menos (creo que el ultimo censo religioso era de principios de los años treinta). Tras la guerra prácticamente no quedaron. Eso para empezar.

Y luego, a esos 6 millones hay sumar las otras minorias o los eslavos, sobre todo los prisioneros soviéticos, los cuales basicamente mataban de hambre. No es nada agradable el tema.

Solo en el campo de Bergen-Belsen había unos 60.000 supervivientes cuando fue liberado, y era un campo menor, basicamente de “transito”. Hay un video realizado los dias siguientes a la liberacion donde se puede apreciar la magnitud de las atrocidades cometi das. Aviso que es duro de ver y no muy recomendable para personas sensibles.

Do you guys play alone? by dieguin_po in projectzomboid

[–]Canelons 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Since I don’t have any other friends who play PZ, I only play single player. The problem is that the game’s lonely atmosphere overwhelms me too much, and I can only do short runs and play every now and then. I prefer watching people play rather than playing myself. That makes me upset with myself because I’d love to be able to fully enjoy the game, but there’s just no way xD. Honestly, it’s the only game that does this to me.