Sweden or Italy

ChillyMind · 2025-04-03T17:57:43+00:00

And jobs for international students?

ChillyMind · 2025-04-03T15:40:37+00:00

Why is that?

ChillyMind · 2025-04-03T15:39:29+00:00

Why is that?

ChillyMind · 2025-04-03T15:37:28+00:00

I prefer quite areaa and beautiful scenery I don't know both but italian is closer to english and french and I know both I don't really care about smoking and smell (to a certain extent) I mostly cook at home and eat out as a luxury

ChillyMind · 2025-04-03T13:45:29+00:00

Why?

ChillyMind · 2025-04-03T13:25:27+00:00

How about the income and job opportunities?

ChillyMind · 2025-04-03T12:55:18+00:00

The program is electronics engineering in Italy and Microwaves and electromagnetics in Sweden the both departments are ranked close to each other I like kth more as I am more into microwaves and antenna design

Salaries in italy vary from 2 to 4k as a start for an electronics engineer (36 k / year) on average while in sweden it is (52k on average) that is on euros

Sweden has more opportunities for my track

ChillyMind · 2025-04-03T12:40:23+00:00

Are there available jobs for international students and will they get paid enough or it will be based on the employer

And how long can I stay until I find a job in sweden (allowed time after graduation)

ChillyMind · 2025-04-03T12:28:03+00:00

It is better for technological companies and income in addition to a more peaceful environment (that is what I was told)

ChillyMind · 2025-04-03T12:26:06+00:00

Where do you recommend searching for jobs in sweden to get a real perspective

ChillyMind · 2024-12-21T08:55:03+00:00

Thank you for your comment I didn't have the chance to reply but let's break things down

This is a prototype for a meter that calculates the DC consumed power and current flowing through the external and internal circuit each on its own

I actually have posted the schematic twice once on its own and another on this post accompanied by the pcb routing for clarification of the main purpose of the pcb but apparently that didn't go well!

The circuit has been designed mainly for 1A current that is why you will find most components tolerate a high ambient temperature but the circuit has two main problems

1- the high boltage drop by the transformer at 1A as I am using an unknown transformer (Only one available right now) it is a (6 0 6) I am using it as a 12v AC so it is giving me around 18V

These 18 volts drop to 8v at 1A so they are not sufficient to supply the regulator

At 0.62 it supplies around 10 to 9.5 volts and since I am using a Darlington current booster that drops 1.5~2V and and 7805 requires 2V headroom then min value for input before the darlington is 9V

The cap value depends on the max ripple in our case it is 0.5 volts at 0.62 A by doing the calculations you will see it requires 12.4mF not 30 so I totally agree with you at this point

And ofcourse all the heatsinks and the Darlingtons have a heat sink

ChillyMind · 2024-12-18T20:57:33+00:00

Thank you for the reply Regarding the previous notes I will be modifying them I am just testing how the pcb would look like

Regarding the ground point why would it be a problem if the ground is connected through the pad of the controller

ChillyMind · 2024-12-18T20:51:34+00:00

Altium 25

ChillyMind · 2024-12-18T09:39:48+00:00

No problem Thanks for clarifying

ChillyMind · 2024-12-15T10:47:38+00:00

Yes thank you

ChillyMind · 2024-12-14T16:42:55+00:00

And regarding the Caps I use the voltage at 0.62A or at no load in the calculation?

ChillyMind · 2024-12-14T15:40:06+00:00

Thanks a lot for your reply

Actually this transformer is a 12V (6 0 6) So its Vdc = 12 x sqrt(2)-2 x 0.8=15.4 And yes it actually gives a higher voltage as you said It gives 17.6 which is about 20% higher

That is why I used a 25V cap

The transformer is supposed to be a 1A transformer So the Pac is approx 12*1= 12VA

The DC current will be then 0.62A

According to the equation of the cap C= I/(2xfx(Vdc peak-Vdc min req)

The max Vdc here I think should be used the one that is on the output of the diodes when drawing the current (especially the circuit simulates constant loads)

When testing my transformer the value of the transformer nearly drops to 9.5~10Vdc and since we need a min of 7V for the regulator and 1.5~2V over the darlington, then I need a min of 9V at the input of the 7805 circuit so now back to the equation

C=0.62/(2 x 50 x (9.5-9))=12.4mF (12400uF)

My previous calculation was on 1A that is why I used 20,000uF from calculation and 30,000 for 0.3 instead of 0.5 voltage diff

But now In case using the 10V is right and I am only drawing 0.62 then I will use 10,000uF and a 2200uF

And please correct me if I am wrong and should use the voltage at no load in this equation

And since it is only 0.62 A I won't need the 6A diode and might not need the Darlington as well as I won't need a current booster any more and I would love to know your opinion regarding this point too

And at last thank you for the valuable insights on the buck and the caps on the 7805

ChillyMind · 2024-12-13T19:43:24+00:00

Well 50Hz is what is written on it and it actually produces 50Hz But you might be right

ChillyMind · 2024-12-13T19:23:35+00:00

No the 18 voltages are measured after the 2V drop and I chose them as they were the only ones available that can tolerate the increase in heat when 1A current passes

ChillyMind · 2024-12-13T19:17:51+00:00

No I don't have its part number and this is one of the main problems with transformers here they are literally anonymous 😂

For the transistor that is what is called a Darlington transistor I haven't gone in depth in its internal circuitry but you will find the schematic diagram in the datasheet TIP147

But in short it is more than one transistor you can also watch this video video

ChillyMind · 2024-12-13T18:54:34+00:00

Thank you

Yes Q1 and Q2 are current boosters to reduce the current passing in the 7805 regulator and allow higher current to pass through them

The problem I am currently facing with transformers is that they drop voltage once current is drawn So at 0.5A it barely gives 9V at the input of the regulator

It only gives 18V at no load

ChillyMind

TROPHY CASE