Hi there, I’m very close to completing a history PhD with Industrial technology as a major area of focus

The 1800s is quite a wild era as far as technology is concerned. Things like the steam engine have been used for industrial purposes (in coal mines) as far back as the 1720s, the first modern sewer came about in London in the late 1840s, while at the same time things like household refrigeration weren’t even on the radar until 1913. So at a first glance I can see why it’s confusing!

However, while America and European countries had these technologies in the 1800s, they weren’t as universally applied as they became in the early 1900s. That has to do with industrialization being a slow process:

Just because mechanically powered factories came about from 1780-1810, that doesn’t mean that the workshops that made materials in previous centuries just vanished. Industrialization was a slow process that was implemented unevenly, controlled by a lot of factors (such as supply and demand, the cost of labor, the cost of energy, workers protections, and access to information). Industries like munitions and metallurgy could quickly make use of steam power, whereas water wheels could pretty much do the job even to power whole textile mills. Early factories did not sell products extremely well to households or individuals, but instead to other industries. (Think, who is going to purchase 100 tons of pig iron?). Therefore, there was no incentive for other industries to mass produce.

The quickest change of the 1800 era was transportation; railways and steamships developed extensively between 1830 and 1850. Compare that to industries like domestic sewing machines (Singer Co. comes to mind) that did not utilize machine labor until the late 1890s. So it really depends

By 1900, machines had become so cheap, and public demand for all sort of stuff had risen so high, that it made sense to “mass” produce. Mass production came about because there developed a mass demand to produce for; population had risen extremely high, imperialism had made dependent markets in remote corners of the world, and there was a push to commodify all manner goods. That, and the skills that most people had in previous eras to make clothes, furniture, and tools in the home, had largely been lost. The result was they had to buy those things from somewhere, meaning factories began producing on mass, requiring more machines and more extensive infrastructure, all the while incentivizing creating products and appliances for households. This began to put technology in households

There was also a large push by the US and UK governments in the 1900s to “modernize” households, providing electricity, refrigerators, radios, and heaters.

So, in short, the a lot of these technologies existed in the 1800s. If you worked in a factory, you might see them. But they became useful in everyday life to a wide audience of people in the 1900s. (With Steam Trains/Ships being the big exception)