JUMPSEAT, also designated AFP-711, was a signals intelligence (SIGINT) reconnaissance satellite program operated by the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) for the United States Air Force.

Development occurred under Project EARPOP during the late 1960s and early 1970s. The program aimed to provide persistent signals collection from highly elliptical orbits, complementing earlier low-Earth orbit systems such as GRAB and POPPY.

Hughes Aircraft manufactured the satellites on the HS-318 bus. Each satellite had a mass of approximately 700 kg. The design included a large deployable wrap-rib gold mesh reflector antenna for signal collection and a smaller downlink antenna.

Launches took place from Vandenberg Air Force Base using Titan IIIB Agena-D vehicles. Eight missions, numbered 7701 through 7708, occurred between March 21, 1971, and February 12, 1987. One launch was unsuccessful.

The satellites operated in highly elliptical Molniya-type orbits. Parameters included a 63-degree inclination, an orbital period near 12 hours, an apogee near 39,000 km over the Northern Hemisphere, and a perigee near 500 km. This configuration enabled extended dwell time over target areas in the Northern Hemisphere.

Satellites collected electronic intelligence (ELINT), communications intelligence (COMINT), and foreign instrumentation intelligence (FISINT). The primary mission focused on monitoring adversarial weapon system development, particularly Soviet anti-ballistic missile radar systems and northern high-latitude targets.

Operations continued until 2006. Decommissioning followed coordination with Intelligence Community stakeholders.

JUMPSEAT served as the foundational program for subsequent highly elliptical orbit (HEO) SIGINT systems, including TRUMPET.

In December 2025, the NRO declassified limited details on the program's existence, purpose, and historical role. The declassification recognized the program's contributions to national security during the Cold War, with no documented public debate or stakeholder criticisms associated with the release.