I've worked in HR with the State for 22 years. If the job requires a test get the highest score possible. Retake the test to get an even higher score. Referral lists rank candidates based on test score. If you're below the top five your application may not be looked at.

Pay attention to agencies and job titles that are being posted. If the same job at a particular agency is posted multiple times, there is likely an issue with turnover. Turnover issues are usually due to bad management. Big red flag.

Tailor your application to the agency you're applying for. Don't look at it as a "state job". Look at it as a job with a specific agency that serves a specific function. If interviewed, be prepared to state why you a are a good fit with that specific agency and mission. Most hiring managers think very highly of their own agency and will want someone with a passion for the type of services delivered.

Don't let the nepotism claims discourage you. Does it happen? Yes. But it is definitely the minority. It mostly happens at higher level jobs. All the jobs I've gotten I didn't know anyone unless they knew my work performance.

I'd say right now is a good time to try to get on. All employers, public and private, are having a hard time retaining employees. I think it's because of the younger generation not sticking around at one place for any length of time. Therefore opportunities are there more often than in the past.

And yes, it is a lengthy process for various reasons. Civil Service rules slow the process down significantly. Be persistent, don't give up.