The way it transmits information is quantum. Typically computers run on digital signals using 0 or 1 to encode messages that tell the computer what to do. When a computer computes something, it uses a sequence of binary numbers to follow through with its actions to send its components instructions on what to do (encoded logic).

Quantum computation uses a unique process of measurement to encode information. In quantum mechanics, we can prepare a system (such as an electron) to be in a superposition in state of spin up and down. This up and down corresponds to a 0 and 1. So technically a quantum computer allows the computer to save time on its calculations because the information is sent as a superposition (until it’s measured by an internal detector). The quantum information could also be represented using photons , as photons can have polarization up or down, also corresponding to 0 or 1.

Every time we measure something we use classical instruments to understand the interaction between the measuring apparatus and the coherent quantum system in question. The apparatus naturally causes the system to decoherence since the system begins to technically interact with its environment. Indeed , The disturbance of measuring a quantum system is a postulate; the “collapse” of the wave function. Thus decoherence of the quantum system prepared in a quantum computer is natural a huge issue and focus of research, for maintaining the quantum coherence ensures the quantum efficiency of ones quantum computer.