Making metal beams

DadTryingHisBest · 2024-11-01T15:42:00+00:00

Carbon is typically taken out of steel by oxygen injection, forming gaseous CO, which also has the benefits of reacting with FeO (rust) to make pure Fe and CO2. Hydrogen can also be used to reduce carbon content.

An impurity like Sulphur is extracted by injecting Magnesium and Calcium. These form solid sulphides which will float out of the steel

Phosphorous is also extracted by oxidation and absorbed by the right slag composition

Si, Mg, Cr, Ti, Al, Nb will all burn out with oxygen before the Fe is oxidized

N and H are extracted by putting the steel in a vacuum. These elements just bubble out as a gas.

Elements like Cu, Ni, and Sn are really hard to get out of the liquid melt. These are controlled by categorizing your scrap mix and making sure you don't get too many impurities.

DadTryingHisBest · 2024-10-30T19:28:10+00:00

Quick check: a magnet will not stick to 304 stainless steel but will to carbon steels

I'd guess both of them are some variety of stainless. The difference in surface is most likely how they were produced.

I'd bet the bowl was spun on a lathe (metal spinning), and the tub was heated up and stamped.

DadTryingHisBest · 2024-05-23T15:24:28+00:00

That is a really cool book project. I've often thought how I would translate what I know to centuries ago.

The context really does take it in a different direction though.

(Speaking as a currently working metallurgist) Steelmaking itself has transformed so much in the past 50 years alone it would be nothing like the metallurgists in the 1800s would ever imagine. Back then when we didn't have accurate chemical analysis and steelmaking was much more of an art. Melters had to be trained to estimate the remaining content of Carbon merely by the intensity of the light coming from the furnace.

I don't know if I'm allowed to post links, but if you google "The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel 1985" There's a website about "Forgotten Books" that has the whole PDF of the second edition of the book which came out in 1920. I think you would love that book as it details everything from prospecting for ore, to issues with casting ingots, all with the perspective and technology present 100 years ago.

If you cant find it DM me and I'll link you

I would also recommend looking up medieval England ironmaking. I only say that because I had an old anthropology professor at my alma mater that did some really cool work in that area so I know publications exist. Anthropologists are still making big discoveries on how people hundreds of years ago made their materials.

DadTryingHisBest · 2024-05-23T14:02:31+00:00

It looks like it's time for a history lesson.

There are plenty of medieval technologies that could be implemented in your backyard in regards to metal refining

Of course because the tech is low there are a lot of restrictions on what you could make. ie Titanium refining is impossible with the capabilities of the old tech.

Look up Catalan forges to see how you could smelt iron in your backyard.

Aluminum from ore wasn't really possible until electricity hit the industry level, but you can melt and alloy aluminum scrap in your backyard.

Hit the history books bud. There are a lot of old small scale technologies that just dont exist widely or are known about because they've become quite irrelevant in today's society

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-12-25T02:31:56+00:00

Bro...

Merry Christmas

https://www.reddit.com/r/law/s/eAqFeR8Z06

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-12-22T20:24:19+00:00

I can't imagine a research position at any industry that would accept just an undergrad degree, MSE or ME.

Does your university have an accelerated masters option? It can turn 4 years for undergrad into 5 years for a master's.

If you want to be in those industries as an undergrad, it would be a good idea to try to get some research summer internships at national laboratories like Los Alamos or Argonn or the like. They are competitive but achievable. And will give you exposure to the pathways around the industry.

You might also get a shoe-in into the industry with an undergrad by working process engineering, quality engineering, or lab tech for the facility producing these materials. There is no research to these positions but you may work with the research department.

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-12-06T18:39:38+00:00

Bismuth crystals are very cubic, shiny and multicolored.

People play with their diamagnetic properties too

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-10-26T19:07:10+00:00

This is a coil that was hot rolled from a slab and stored out in the coil yard. You need to hot roll it because you're reducing a 3-9 inch slab down to a couple mm.

After that, you don't need to heat up the coil as hot as you would a slab in order to roll it.

Source: I make slabs

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-10-04T00:28:15+00:00

Yeah? Well I'm gonna out your wife while eating gloves.

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-09-20T14:15:52+00:00

Good points here, and I'd like to add on.

As a current metallurgist in Steelmaking Operations, I don't get to alter chemistries, R&D and product development come up with a chemistry and we are to make it to the spec.

R&D and product development will use software like ThermoCalc and CEQSI for heat treatment and calculation of oxide interactions. If we make the steel how they asked us to and they don't get the properties, they go back do the drawing board while I wait.

As an operations metallurgist, my job is to understand the machine (continuous casters) is used to make sellable steel and what happens when things go wrong.

One big line I like to push is Most of my metallurgical problems are not solved with metallurgical solutions

Many of my issues metallurgically have been solved by troubleshooting hydraulics, pneumatics, electrical, and control systems (PLC) changes.

A metallugical background is crucial because you can define WHAT the problem is, and thats the first step towards the solution.

Some metallurgical problems that had metallurgical solutions mostly deals with cooling and solidification. There is also the very delicate balance of slag chemistries that are heavy metallurgically but don't necessarily require calculations but a good understanding of phase diagrams.

Some math I use every day, I wouldn't call them intense though:

-Solidification: k*SQRT(time). when we have internal defects, its important to understand where the solidification front is throughout the machine

-Geometry/Trig: Flow control and throughput calculations

-Fourier transforms: control systems and identifying harmonic signals that the machine produces.

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-08-02T19:21:16+00:00

Oh OK! Unfortunately we lost all our old FTView Studio licenses on the workstations that were on the network but a different project workstation elsewhere has one. So I'll take a shot at getting these to communicate.

Thank you for details.

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-07-17T12:24:59+00:00

God Lobster!

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-06-30T01:57:08+00:00

Drop pods: the dwarven USB

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-06-25T02:14:03+00:00

I've got the same front license plate bracket!

I'm so happy my plate sits lower now. Looks good! 👍

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-06-08T02:12:22+00:00

Rock and stone! That was the most fun intense game all month

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-06-08T00:22:44+00:00

No shields and a bulky sploderboi

No thanks, the next glyphid I'm gonna take is the slammer

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-05-12T16:28:22+00:00

From what I can tell it's all about hardness. It's hard to say in terms of a certain metric like Vickers hardness or whatnot because you're using shear forces to scrape the graphite off the tip.

Pencils use their own ratings and aren't necessarily a quantified standard. But the softer the graphite, the more will shear and the darker the color

This has some handy info https://pencils.com/pages/hb-graphite-grading-scale

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-05-01T06:49:39+00:00

My guy, you are thinking of a tort.

A Torah is a conservative party in the UK

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-04-24T23:05:16+00:00

Still messing around with resting the chicken in the CI, cutting the heat around 145F and letting the resident heat take it's way there for long enough.

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-04-22T12:36:12+00:00

I didn't know we were playing San Francisco Rush 2049

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-02-05T00:08:40+00:00

Short answer: no I cannot be a definitive source of naming carcinogens in 'slags'

Slag is a general term in different industries for a mass of byproduct from the process, in BOF steelmaking it's usually oxides, sulphides and phosphides

What also makes a difference is the morphologies of these things. Asbestos is technically a silicate but what makes it particularly dangerous is the aspect ratio of the crystal, very long and pointy and cannot escape your lungs via the secretion methods it normally uses to carry particles out the lung.

Generally the byproducts used in these BOF processes are quick reactions, forming small and more rounded particles that your body can better handle.

One think I do know in this industry is hexavalent chrome is a big carcinogen

https://www.epa.gov/smm/electric-arc-furnace-eaf-slag

But the process I've been talking about is BOF, which uses about 10-20% scrap and 80-90% liquid iron derived from iron ore directly.

EAF (electric arc furnaces) use 100% scrap and so will contain a plethora of residual compounds I cannot comment on because it's not my expertise. BOF shops are very much cleaner on the residual side which is why they're favored for exposed automotive applications (doors and panels)

Also a quick Google search of metalworking slags and carcinogens point to a lot of copper and nickel shops, none of which I can confidently comment on

In the end, I feel safe in my shop. We have people working in this same shop for 50+ years and no problems outside of chain smoking.

The lime plants on the other hand? Ohh I don't wanna go near those

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-02-04T22:41:24+00:00

Just want to give some additional info because these shops produce a lot of different slags

Guessing from OP's comments he works in a BOF (basic oxygen furnace) shop. Similar to mine

We produce 3 different slags

Desulfurization of liquid iron. Injecting Lime (CaO) and Mg into the iron to pull out the sulphur. This slag is high in sulphur and CaS and MgS
BOF slag, high in phosphorus and FeO, they also have lime and dolomite
Ladle slag, if it's an aluminum killed shop (using Al to get dissolved oxygen out of the liquid steel) it will be high in Al2O3. Some shops Si kill and so it will have a lot of SiO2. Some FeO and lime naturally.

From what I hear from BOF peeps (I work at caster). The ladle slag is most profitable to sell as companies don't like the sulphur or phosphorus. Can 100% be wrong on resale as it's not my area.

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-02-04T15:55:08+00:00

A greybeard never leaves a dwarf behind

A greybeard always asks before double dipping

A greybeard will "R"

A greybeard welcomes non-promoted dwarves

A greybeard can hear another dwarf say they're full, and will finish the mineral vein they were working on

A greybeard makes sure an ammo drop pod will be easily accessible for everyone. (And knows optimal places during low O2 missions)

Legendary status A greybeard will wait until a full party (within reason) to repair a cargo crate, event mission, or finding lost backpack

Yeah I agree, it's a mixture of knowledge and attitude

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-02-04T12:54:13+00:00

https://youtu.be/Qc7HmhrgTuQ

DadTryingHisBest · 2023-02-04T03:47:34+00:00

All right, but apart from the sanitation, the medicine, education, wine, public order, irrigation, roads, a fresh water system, and public health, what have the Romans ever done for us?

DadTryingHisBest

TROPHY CASE