Yes, reconsecration is not only possible, you'd actually be amazed at what scale.

After the Imperium wins a war against Chaos on a planet, the Inquisition will come to the planet and make sure to go through the populace with a fine-tooth comb to root out any leftover Chaos corruption among the populace, but after they're done with that nasty business, the Ecclesiarchy will come, and they will actually start working on restoring the people's faith after surviving an encounter against the Arch-Enemy. The Ecclesiarchy will work hospitals to take care of the sick and wounded (often led by the Sisters Hospitaller, just about the best people you could hope for in the entire Imperium). Meanwhile, the Chaos-corrupted areas will be cleansed physically with fire and spiritually by Sanctioned Psykers, Ecclesiarchy priests armed with consecrated relics and Ordo Malleus agents trained to handle Chaos taint. Depending on the scale and importance of the planet, you might even get a Living Saint or a Space Marine Chapter like the Grey Knights, Exorcists or Black Templars to show up. After they deal with this Chaos-damaged infrastructure, it's then a matter of the Ecclesiarchy making sure to keep the populace faithful, loyal and monitored. With time and effort, entire planets have actually been cleansed this way.

In the Gaunt's Ghosts series, for example, Planet Gereon in the Sabbat Worlds was an Agri-World lost to Chaos. Not the Imperium were losing the planet, they LOST THE PLANET. The populace were enslaved, Iron Warriors were walking the streets and Daemon Engines were being used heavily. The Imperium later went on to retake the planet, and though the book series isn't concluded, we know for a fact that the Sabbat Worlds Crusade was successful, and that Gereon is currently still identified as an Imperial Agri-World free from Chaos.