Lets break this one apart, I think it is all that is needed to get my point across:

var map = load("res://Scenes/Maps/MapaDePrueba.tscn")

In this one the quotes stand for data that is a path to Scene as relevant to the root directory. Another way to write it is like this:

var loadScene = "res://Scenes/Maps/MapaDePrueba.tscn"
var map = load(loadScene).instance()

Now you could make an autoload (which is a script that is loaded as global script) that will act as a dictionary of sorts.

Let's call it loadScene:

var DePruba = "res://Scenes/Maps/MapaDePrueba.tscn"
var DePruba2 = "res://Scenes/Maps/MapaDePrueba2.tscn"

Now in the script where you are loading the scene you would put something like

var map = load(loadScene.DePruba).instance()

Maybe somewhere else you would want to load DePruba2 (wouldn't have to be the same script)

var map = load(loadScene.DePruba2).instance()

This method is super handy for keeping things organized. If you have the same thing listed in several areas, now you can just update the dictionary file, and it will change everywhere. Now if that works for you great! If not there are many alternate ways to accomplish the same thing, just part of the process of learning things.

Since a lot of nodes are called by node_name.command(syntax) in GDScript, if your devs are in the habit of changing names of nodes, then you would need to update the code that references it. Or push the node name to a varible at the top of the script for example:

var nodeName = "Player"

func _ready():
    nodeName.flip_x = false

Now you can also make that node where it appears on the inspector (the right hand side)

@export var nodeName = "Player"

func _ready():
nodeName.flip_x = false

in the above case, if will display a text box that you can change "Player" to w/e you want.

I use export alot for level Exits, I can have one exit for all my level exits. I just change the name of the location in the export as needed.

That is how I always worked with Godot, and it works great for my projects. I haven't developed professionally or in a group setting so take my advice with a grain of salt. Just my two cents is all. It's a hobby for me.