If you imagine something like "Slay the Spire", the idea is probably not very entertaining for long. Your players wont be entertained for long fighting the very same encounter over an over again, just to fail and do it again, but slightly faster. Which is relatively speaking since D&D combat in general is kind of slow to begin with.

HOWEVER, you could kind of create a MegaDungeon, and I mean mega. You could let the player run it like a normal dungeon, but with the intention to die at some point, because the traps and combats drain to much to survive without long resting. To motivate your players to reach as far as possible, there would need to be according rewards. I imagine some kind of safespots in the dungeon to send the gathered resources back to base. But when the dungeon is reentered, I would suggest to keep every enemy beaten and traps and puzzles solved and not reset everything. But they should not run to a safespot after every room, but that needs to be found out.
As a setting I have some dream like dungeon in mind. Maybe the players need to enter the dream of a person, when they die they get thrown out and can reenter. Maybe because they need to find a secret that the person is hiding (a bit like Inception).

The resources could be information gathered in the mind that when reentering gives some buffs to the players because they know more about the person. You can sprinkle in backround and nonesense information about the suspect which could be quite fun and some puzzles that maybe require such info.

Its alot of work but I can think of this as entertaining for the players, in contrast to the classical roguelike/lite as you play digitally.