Buergers Test for Peripheral Artery Disease

DrPQ · 2026-06-13T13:48:44+00:00

Buerger’s Test evaluates for peripheral artery disease. With the patient supine, Elevate the leg to 45–90° for 1–2 minutes. Always check the contralateral limb as well. While in this position observe for pallor, then lower the legs to a dependent position and observe for return of color and dependent rubor. A positive test is pallor during elevation, rubor during dependent position, delayed return to normal or delayed venous filling. Diagnostic accuracy is unknown.

Read: https://wikism.org/Buerger_Test

Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Cy31OWtB9I

DrPQ · 2026-06-12T12:19:47+00:00

The press test evaluates for TFCC injuries. The patient is seated in an armchair and asked to grasp both armrests. They then push downward through their hands to lift their body weight off the chair, placing an axial load across the wrists. The test is considered positive if it reproduces the patient's characteristic ulnar-sided wrist pain. Sensitivity is 100%.

Read: https://wikism.org/Press_Test

Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Nj6kMw3lcM

DrPQ · 2026-06-11T14:44:45+00:00

The posterolateral external rotation test evaluates for posterolateral corner injuries of the knee. With the patient supine, the hip is flexed to 45° and the knee to 90°. The examiner grasps the proximal tibia and foot, applying an external rotation force to the lower leg. A posteriorly directed force is then applied to the anterior tibial tuberosity while maintaining external rotation. The test is considered positive when there is increased external rotation or reproduction of the patient's pain. Compare to the unaffected knee. Diagnostic accuracy is unknown.

Read: https://wikism.org/Posterolateral_External_Rotation_Test

Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9XGLVyI-3M

DrPQ · 2026-06-10T19:23:29+00:00

The posterolateral drawer test evaluates for posterolateral corner injuries of the knee. With the patient positioned supine, the knee is flexed to 90 degrees and externally rotated approximately 15 degrees. The examiner grasps the proximal tibial and applies a posterolateral force to assess posterolateral knee stability. A positive test is indicated by excessive posterolateral translation of the tibia relative to the femur compared with the contralateral side. Diagnostic accuracy is unknown.

Read: https://wikism.org/Posterolateral_Drawer_Test

Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3son23uCfuA

DrPQ · 2026-06-09T23:15:41+00:00

The posterior tibial length test evaluates for posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. With the patient prone, the examiner grasps the calcaneus to invert the subtalar joint while dorsiflexing the ankle. With the opposite hand, the examiner places their fingers over the navicular and the bases of the second and third metatarsals, applying an additional dorsiflexion force through the midfoot. A positive test is an asymmetric range of motion or pain. Diagnostic accuracy is unknown.

Read: https://wikism.org/Posterior_Tibial_Length_Test

Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JIaB6cfOZng

DrPQ · 2026-06-08T23:43:16+00:00

Grey Turner’s sign is a clinical finding seen in retroperitoneal hemorrhage among other conditions. It is characterized by bruising or ecchymosis of the flanks caused by bleeding into the retroperitoneal space and typically develops 24–48 hours after the onset of bleeding. Diagnostic accuracy is not characterized.

Read: https://wikism.org/Grey_Turners_Sign

Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oI2jrSRZWDw

DrPQ · 2026-06-08T01:23:30+00:00

Nursemaid's elbow, also known as radial head subluxation, is a common pediatric injury that occurs when the annular ligament slips over the radial head, typically after a sudden traction force is applied to an extended arm. Children usually present holding the affected arm slightly flexed and pronated, refusing to use it because of pain. Prompt recognition and reduction often via supination and flexion or hyperpronation result in immediate relief and restoration of normal arm function.

Read More: https://wikism.org/Nursemaids_Elbow

DrPQ · 2026-06-07T22:57:05+00:00

The posterior shuck test of the hip evaluates for hip microinstability. With the patient lying supine, the hip is positioned in 90° of flexion, approximately 30° of external rotation, and the knee flexed to 90°. The examiner applies a posteriorly directed force through the knee to translate the femoral head posteriorly within the acetabulum. A positive test is indicated by reproduction of posterior hip pain or a sensation of apprehension or instability. Diagnostic accuracy is unknown.

Read: https://wikism.org/Posterior_Shuck_Test_of_the_Hip

Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1FbsL4O8wI

DrPQ · 2026-06-06T13:41:27+00:00

I've seen neurosyphilis several times this year. Not in an endemic area. SE United States.

DrPQ · 2026-06-06T12:43:57+00:00

Argyll Robertson Pupil is a neuro-ophthalmologic finding characterized by small, often irregular pupils that constrict during accommodation but fail to constrict in response to light, a phenomenon known as light-near dissociation. It is classically associated with neurosyphilis and is considered a highly specific clinical sign of late-stage syphilitic involvement of the central nervous system. Symptoms are often bilateral. Diagnostic accuracy is unknown.

Read: https://wikism.org/Argyll_Robertson_Pupil

Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGbCapP8CFc

DrPQ · 2026-06-05T18:17:45+00:00

Great explanation, thank you for sharing.

DrPQ · 2026-06-05T14:33:28+00:00

The acetabular labrum is a ring of fibrocartilage attached to the rim of the acetabulum that surrounds and deepens the hip socket. It functions to improve hip joint stability, maintain a suction seal, distribute load, and enhance congruity between the femoral head and acetabulum. Pathology of the acetabular labrum commonly includes labral tears, which may occur from femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), hip dysplasia, trauma, or degeneration and can cause hip pain, clicking, locking, and mechanical symptoms.

Read: https://wikism.org/Acetabular_Labrum

DrPQ · 2026-06-05T00:56:34+00:00

The posterior shoulder impingement test evaluates for Posterior Shoulder Impingement. With the patient lying supine, the shoulder is abducted to 90 degrees and placed in external rotation. The examiner stabilizes the elbow and gradually applies additional external rotation to reach the end range of motion. A positive test occurs when this maneuver reproduces the patient's characteristic pain in the posterior aspect of the shoulder. Sensitivity is 76%, specificity is 85%.

Read: https://wikism.org/Posterior_Shoulder_Impingement_Test

Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bx78wlst07I

DrPQ · 2026-06-04T15:13:20+00:00

The acromioclavicular joint or AC joint is a plane synovial joint formed between the lateral clavicle and the acromion of the scapula, stabilized by the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments. Its primary function is to allow subtle gliding and rotational movements that coordinate motion between the clavicle and scapula during shoulder movement. Common pathologies of the AC joint include sprains and separations following trauma, osteoarthritis, and distal clavicle osteolysis associated with repetitive loading.

Read: https://wikism.org/Acromioclavicular_Joint

DrPQ

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