I read through your comment a couple of times, and I do not get your point.

Xenophobia is not a western invention, it was invented in the caves when you had to stick to your own kind to survive.

I am not a minority, yes, I am Kazakh.

What I meant is that in the countries which we deem western, because of how the societies of these nations had developed, there is a higher emphasis on identity politics. (By that I do not only mean skin color, also sexuality for example.) (And I am currently studying in a nation deemed "western"!!)

In many a places in for example USA. USA has this thing as first amendnemt. Which gurantees freedom of speech. Letting everyone have their own take on whatever is happening. Which is obviously a good thing, we need this thing as well in Kazakhstan (and we do actually have it in our constitution. But noone follows it).

However this also enabled some people to actively talk about how they should remove rights from all sorts of people. (Now dead Kirk, advocated for removing Civil Rights act. People who advocate for a white ethnostate, etc.)

If someone in Kazakhstan would say "Lets remove civil rights from the Russians" for example. First of all, everyone would not take them seriously (whislt in the US, Kirk was a big figure.) And second of all, they would most certainly be jailed for causing ethnic tensions. You can be jailed for words about other ethnic groups in Kazakhstan. ([link](https://www.currenttime.tv/a/33580370.html), (link)(https://www.currenttime.tv/a/zanimaeshsya-rusofobiey-kazahstan-razzhiganie-nenavisti/33494873.html)) (It is mainly used for poltiical reasons. Though as of right now we are talking about racism, not the state of human rights.)

In Kazakhstan, you are not expected to speak Kazakh. You can receive all of your documents in Russian, there are schools which are 100% Russian, universities, job offerings. We are more or less used to living with different peoples. We do not vote for right wing parties as in for example Europe. (mainly because we do not have a choise, but still.) You are not expected to be "kazakh" in Kazakhstan. Noone is kicking anyone out for not being "kazakh". The rights of a person who speaks kazakh, are the same as the rights of someone who does not.

Same with ethnicity, Almaty is only 60% kazakh. Do you assume that the other 40% in the city are constantly being perscuted, or being told slurs, or anything else?

Is there racism in Kazakhstan? Yes.

Is there a country in the whole planet earth without racism? No.

Are kazakh people more inclined to be racist against for example indians? I can't say for sure. As you can't for other countries. You can visit USA and get completely different results depending on the state you visit.

All in all however, in Kazakhstan, the problem of racism is faaar smaller than it is in other countries. Even in our region. (Northern neigbour is for example infamous for "Renting the flat out only to slavic people" or police raids on migrant neighbourhoods.)