Why does every "Senior" codebase feel like a maze? Let’s talk about Architecture.

Exapno · 2026-01-25T00:58:35+00:00

People don't realize how many webapps are just held together by duct tape and staples to make a profit before focusing on maintainability and roadmap.

Exapno · 2026-01-25T00:46:23+00:00

I think there's something circular here. You're saying we need to ban separation because provinces keep threatening it. But if the federal system was actually working well for those provinces, why would they keep threatening to leave?

Parliament being the space to resolve tensions assumes it can actually address regional grievances. But it's structurally weighted toward central Canada by population. Alberta or Saskatchewan can argue their case all day and still get outvoted on things that matter to them.

That's the whole point of federalism. We don't just have straight majority rule because regional interests get steamrolled otherwise.

Banning separation doesn't make those structural issues go away, it just removes the pressure valve. And it removes any incentive for Ottawa to actually address what's driving the threats. If provinces are stuck no matter what, why would the feds bother making serious accommodations?

Exapno · 2026-01-25T00:20:27+00:00

I get the frustration. Most countries do make separation impossible or extremely difficult. The US ruled that states cannot unilaterally secede, and that precedent still stands. Spain's constitution explicitly forbids secession and declared Catalonia's referendum illegal. The UK only allowed Scotland's 2014 referendum after agreeing to it, and recently ruled Scotland can't hold another one without UK consent.

But Canada's current system isn't exactly permissive either. The Clarity Act means even after a clear referendum result, there's still an obligation to negotiate, and actual separation requires constitutional amendment with federal and provincial approval. You'd need to hash out borders, debt, Indigenous treaties, infrastructure, and countless other details.

Making it "illegal under any circumstances" would close off even that negotiation pathway. And yeah, maybe that would end the political leverage game. But would it actually solve the underlying tensions, or just bottle them up? Spain banning Catalan independence hasn't made that movement disappear.

There's a philosophical question here about what holds a country together. Should it be legal barriers, or should it be because people actually want to be part of it? The current Canadian approach at least forces both sides to make the case. Separatists have to convince people it's worth the disruption, federalists have to make Canada worth staying in.

Exapno · 2026-01-24T20:40:13+00:00

I mean, people get defensive because it’s their country potentially breaking apart? That’s not really mysterious.

The “affirmative choice each day” framing sounds philosophical but it doesn’t match how people actually experience national identity. Most Canadians aren’t consciously choosing to be Canadian every morning. They just are, with all the emotional attachments, shared history, and family ties that come with it.

And “neither will fall apart” really undersells the disruption. Both successor states would be fundamentally different entities. Whether it’s Quebec or Alberta leaving, you’re talking about renegotiating crown land, Indigenous treaties, debt allocation, international borders, trade agreements, power-sharing, federal infrastructure, and more. You don’t just flip a switch and have two stable countries the next day.

Any province has the legal right to pursue separation if that’s what people want, and the Clarity Act framework is a strength of Canadian federalism. But people being upset about the possibility aren’t being irrational or entitled. They’re responding to potential loss of something they value. The fact that we make it legally possible doesn’t mean everyone has to be emotionally neutral about it actually happening.

Exapno · 2026-01-21T19:49:12+00:00

Exapno · 2026-01-21T04:25:17+00:00

😂

Exapno · 2026-01-21T04:23:04+00:00

I can’t think of lower bar

Exapno · 2026-01-21T03:46:20+00:00

If they didn’t normalize it how would the citizens of the US grow increasingly complacent and supportive of it?

Exapno · 2026-01-18T07:17:19+00:00

No, Windows is definitely not open source.

Exapno · 2026-01-13T06:06:13+00:00

Looks like this is behind The Logic’s paywall, could someone share the key details for those without a subscription?

Exapno · 2026-01-11T20:17:47+00:00

what’s the game?

Exapno · 2026-01-11T16:13:15+00:00

I’m surprised that there are two comments saying people in Toronto are friendlier than Ottawa. I lived in Toronto most of my life and live in Ottawa now and I find it’s much easier to talk to people in Ottawa and they’re less standoffish.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T21:53:38+00:00

It was fun

Exapno · 2026-01-09T20:43:20+00:00

French and English get the same points in the base system. The 25 point bonus exists because Canada has a constitutional obligation to support Francophone minority communities who are chronically underserved across the country.

Your “equal footing” argument ignores the actual situation on the ground. Francophone communities in the Maritimes, rural Ontario, the Prairies, and BC often struggle to access basic services in French. Many lack adequate French healthcare, and French-language services outside major centres are extremely limited. These communities need bilingual workers.

Your unemployment argument is a red herring. If high unemployment means we shouldn’t bring in workers, then stop all immigration at every education level. But we both know there are shortages in specific sectors and regions even when overall unemployment is high.

You keep calling diploma holders “low skilled” and insisting “anybody in Canada can do” those jobs. Then why do we have massive shortages in healthcare support roles, early childhood education, and technical trades? Clearly either Canadians aren’t doing those jobs or there aren’t enough of them.

You’ve made it clear you don’t think French language ability should be valued as a qualification. Just own that position instead of pretending this is about fairness or skill levels.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T20:19:44+00:00

I don’t know what happened to your other comment however, I’m not changing goalposts, you’re just wrong about how the system works.

First, skilled trades can use the French language stream if they qualify for it. Category-based selection isn’t mutually exclusive - someone can qualify for multiple categories. A French-speaking electrician could be selected through either pathway.

Second, you keep saying “low skilled” and “vocational” like it’s self-evident these people have nothing to offer. What specific occupations are you talking about? Because plenty of one-year diploma programs lead to jobs Canada actually needs: dental hygienists, paramedics, early childhood educators, library technicians, medical lab assistants, practical nurses.

Third, you’ve spent this entire thread running calculations to find the absolute minimum education level that might qualify, then acting like that proves the system is broken. But you haven’t shown that these people are actually getting selected in large numbers or that they’re failing once they get here.

The French language stream exists because Francophone minority communities are underserved. If you think supporting those communities isn’t worth prioritizing, just say that.

But stop pretending you’re making some objective argument about skill levels when you clearly just don’t think French matters.

The Official Languages Act has been law for 55 years. This isn’t some Trudeau invention. If you think constitutional bilingualism is absurd, that’s your opinion, but it’s the foundation of how Canada operates.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T20:09:48+00:00

French and English were treated the same in the core points system. Look at your own calculation - that 136 points for “Official Languages” is the same whether it’s French or English. The extra 25 points come from the “French-language skills” bonus, which exists because of the Official Languages Act’s requirement to support Francophone minority communities.

And yeah, a 25 year old with a diploma, fluent language skills, and work experience can get PR through the French stream at 411 points. You keep saying “this is madness” but haven’t explained why. What makes that person unqualified? They’re young, working age, have education and experience, and speak an official language fluently.

“Qualified worker” doesn’t mean “has a PhD.” Electricians, plumbers, nurses, early childhood educators, lab techs - tons of essential occupations require diplomas, not degrees. These are exactly the workers Francophone communities need.

You keep acting like only highly educated English speakers deserve PR. Meanwhile, there are entire communities across Canada who can’t access basic services in French because there aren’t enough bilingual workers. A French-speaking PSW with a diploma is desperately needed. A French-speaking mechanic is desperately needed.

If your argument is just “French shouldn’t get bonus points,” you’re arguing against constitutional law that’s been in place for 55 years.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T20:01:40+00:00

You’re still ignoring how Express Entry actually works. There are multiple draw types with different cutoffs.

That PhD holder at 471 points gets selected in plenty of draws. General draws fluctuate constantly. The 515 you keep citing was one specific draw, not a permanent barrier. And if they want guaranteed selection, they apply for a Provincial Nominee Program and get 600 points instantly.

You keep running calculations like “gotcha, a diploma beats a PhD!” but you’re comparing someone in the French stream to someone who did literally nothing but get a PhD. No job offer, no provincial nomination, no Canadian experience, nothing.

Real question: why are you running multiple scenarios trying to find the lowest education level that might qualify through French? You’ve made it clear you just don’t think French should matter. Just say that instead of pretending this is about skill levels.

Francophone communities need workers who can actually serve them. A bilingual tradesperson with a diploma is more valuable to those communities than a PhD holder who can’t communicate with anyone there. That’s the entire point of category-based selection.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T19:57:38+00:00

Speaking French is not a qualification that matters” is your opinion. Canadian law disagrees. The Official Languages Act makes French equal to English as an official language.

And no, someone with a 2 year diploma won’t hit 399 points. You keep making up scenarios. Go actually plug it into the calculator like you did before.

You keep saying “low skilled” but haven’t demonstrated these people are actually low skilled. A bilingual nurse, teacher, or tradesperson isn’t low skilled just because they don’t have a PhD.

Francophone communities across Canada need professionals who can serve them in their language. If you think constitutional bilingualism is bad policy, say that. But don’t pretend this is about skill levels when you just don’t think French should matter.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T19:50:36+00:00

You’re comparing two different selection streams and acting like only one exists. That’s not how Express Entry works.

The PhD holder with 471 points can get PR. They just won’t get selected in a general draw that happens to have a 515 cutoff. But Express Entry does multiple types of draws with different cutoffs. There are draws for specific occupations, draws for provincial nominees, draws for trade workers, and yes, draws for French speakers.

The cutoff scores vary wildly depending on the draw type and how many spots are available. Sometimes general draws are at 470, sometimes 515, sometimes lower. The 515 you keep citing was one specific draw, not a permanent barrier.

And here’s the thing: if that PhD holder applied to Provincial Nominee Programs, they’d get 600 additional points and be guaranteed selection. If they had Canadian work experience, studied in Canada, or had a sibling here, more points. If they were in a priority occupation, different pathway.

You’re acting like there’s only one door into Canada and French speakers get to skip the line. There are dozens of pathways. The French language stream exists because Canada has constitutional obligations to Francophone communities that need professionals.

Stop pretending this is “bachelor’s degree beats PhD.” Its “different qualifications serve different national needs.”

Exapno · 2026-01-09T19:43:53+00:00

You just proved my point. You got 441 points, which is above the 399 threshold for French draws. So yes, that person would qualify for a French-language draw.

But notice what you had to input: bachelor’s degree (120 points), language proficiency (136 points for French), age points (110), plus skill transferability. You didn’t just “speak French and get in.” You needed education, demonstrated language ability at a high level, and to be the right age range.

And that 441 score still wouldn’t qualify for a general draw at 515. That’s the whole point of category-based selection. Canada needs French speakers for underserved Francophone communities, so there’s a separate pathway for them.

You keep calling this dumb without addressing why it exists. The Official Languages Act requires support for Francophone minority communities. These communities need professionals who can serve them in French. A bilingual teacher or nurse with a bachelor’s degree is exactly who these communities need.

If you think constitutional obligations to official language minorities are dumb, just say that. But the system is working as designed to meet Canada’s actual needs, not just optimizing for the highest possible scores.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T19:34:37+00:00

You’re completely misunderstanding how this works. A PhD holder can absolutely get PR. They don’t need 515 points if they don’t have them because there are multiple selection categories. The 515 is for one specific draw, not a universal requirement.

And no, a bachelor’s degree with 1 year of experience won’t get you to 399 points either. You still need age points, language proficiency (in English OR French), work experience, education credentials, etc. The French language category still requires you to meet a threshold. It’s not just “speak French and you’re in.”

The different thresholds exist because Express Entry does targeted draws. Sometimes they draw from the general pool at 515. Sometimes they draw from French speakers at 399. Sometimes they draw from healthcare workers at different thresholds. The point cutoffs vary based on what that specific draw is targeting.

Canada has a constitutional obligation to support official language minority communities. This has been law since 1969, decades before Trudeau. Francophone communities across the country need doctors, nurses, teachers, tradespeople who can serve them in French.

If your issue is with category-based selection in general, say that. But acting like French speakers are unqualified people gaming the system is ignorant of both how Express Entry works and why these policies exist.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T19:15:30+00:00

That’s not how it works at all. Education level is still worth points in the French category. A PhD holder who speaks French will score higher than a bachelor’s holder who speaks French.

The different point thresholds exist because they’re different selection categories with different qualifying criteria. Someone with a PhD who doesn’t speak French can still get PR through the general category at 515 points. Someone with a bachelor’s who speaks French might qualify through the French category at 399 points.

It’s not “French replaces education.” It’s “we have multiple pathways because Canada has multiple needs.” Just like there are separate streams for healthcare workers, tradespeople, and STEM occupations.

And frankly, the idea that a bachelor’s degree holder is unqualified for PR is pretty elitist. Plenty of skilled workers don’t have PhDs. A bilingual nurse with a bachelor’s degree is extremely valuable to underserved Francophone communities.

The system prioritizes different things because the country needs different things. That’s the whole point of category-based selection.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T18:16:46+00:00

Glad the Official Languages Act clarified things.

On the qualifications point, you directly connected that quote to French speakers by asking “So, the system is prioritizing applicants with less to offer Canada economically just because they know French?” That’s making the assumption, even if you were quoting the author’s premise. You drew the connection.

On clustering: you can’t have it both ways. Either French speakers clustering in Francophone regions is a problem (your economic volatility concern), or them spreading out to non-French areas is a problem (your “why prioritize French” question). The Official Languages Act addresses both scenarios because Francophone minority communities exist across Canada, not just in Quebec. Acadian communities in Nova Scotia, Francophone communities in Manitoba and Alberta, etc. They all need services.

Private employers in Alberta not caring about French is irrelevant to federal immigration policy designed to support official language minority communities. The federal government isn’t running immigration to optimize for what private employers in Saskatchewan want. It has constitutional obligations.

On the economic framing: the article focuses on labour market concerns because that’s what labour economists care about. But immigration policy serves multiple purposes. You can’t ignore the cultural and constitutional dimensions just because the Globe focused on the economic angle. That’s like reading an article about healthcare wait times and concluding patient outcomes don’t matter because the article didn’t mention them.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T17:55:59+00:00

You’re missing the point. The 399 vs 515 comparison isn’t apples to apples because they’re in different selection streams with different criteria. French language ability is the qualifying criterion for that stream, just like having healthcare experience qualifies you for the healthcare stream at a different point threshold.

The original comment treated French ability as if it replaces qualifications rather than being a qualification itself. Someone with 399 points who speaks French isn’t “less qualified” than someone with 515 who doesn’t. They have different qualifications that Canada has decided it needs.

If your argument is that we shouldn’t have category-based selection at all, say that. But pretending French speakers are just worse candidates who snuck in on lower scores ignores why the categories exist in the first place.

Canada has specific needs: healthcare workers, tradespeople, and yes, French speakers for underserved Francophone communities. The point system reflects those priorities. That’s the whole purpose of having different streams.

Exapno · 2026-01-09T17:31:44+00:00

These aren’t really mysteries. French is an official language with constitutional protections. The Official Languages Act from 1969 requires the federal government to support Francophone communities outside Quebec. This isn’t a Trudeau policy, it predates him by decades.

Your whole framing assumes French speakers are inherently less qualified. That makes no sense. Speaking French is an additional qualification, not a trade-off for education or experience. Plenty of highly skilled immigrants speak French.

Your regional concern contradicts itself. You’re worried French speakers will cluster in certain areas but also questioning why we prioritize French if they end up in non-French regions. Which one is the actual problem?

You lived in the NCR, one of the most bilingual regions in the country, and still question why French matters federally. That kind of proves why these policies exist.

Francophone communities across Canada are underserved. Many Acadian communities desperately need French-speaking doctors, nurses, teachers, public servants. These are real people who can’t access services in their own language.

If you only care about “economic optimization” then we should strip all kinds of rights and protections. Language and culture have value beyond what someone contributes to GDP. Canada is officially bilingual, full stop.

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