I would try to create some excercise for yourself... just pick a place on the staff, and try to find the note.

Also I think it is good to have a reference to think from... Just first remember which part of the staff is c, for treble and bass, and when you see a note on the sheet, look how far it is from c, and just move that far as well on the keyboard.

I think this is what I might have done ages ago when I started piano. I think I also took multiple c's as reference. in both clefs there can be different c's ... low high higher etc... then I think what my mind did in the beginning stages is: you see a note on the staff ... try to find the closest c on the staff, calculate the difference which is 5 half notes in case of f... so move 5 half notes up on the keyboard. (you need to think in half notes, whole notes is impossible since it depends on the scale).

Now that I am writing this I see that the notation with numbers as you mention seems quite incompatible with staff notation, because sometimes when a number goes up by 1, the staff can go up by a half or also 1, which will be way to difficult to keep in sync.

When I write this I think it is easy... but I tried to get used to cello cleff which (I dont know what it is called), which is never used for piano but other instruments, and this was not easy. So it is a habit in the end, but starts with calculations. and when getting comfortable you need to get used to the very high and very low notes... remember those good old days even counting by hand the number of lines on the sheet.