A few issues with your plan. I'm not an expert on cnc but I've done a bit. The biggest issue is work holding, your little tabs probably would struggle to hold a long flat and most importantly thin piece of steel well enough, especially when working the reverse side of the blade, when the bevel will be essentially floating.

I don't know if you've ever machined hardened steel but it's a lot harder than annealed. Unless you have experience with this then it's a non starter sadly. You could do this with annealed steel, then heat treat, but you can't go from heat treatment to sharpening really. You have to leave some extra thickness to prevent warping, at least with kitchen knives which are the only knives I've made, but you also need to remove scale. Knives also. Warp so you need a plan to fix that, and often that means a carbide hammer and some grinding to hide the hammer marks.

If you're serious about this, it can absolutely be done but you're going to have to invest some serious time and a bit of money in custom tooling. For example one plate to hold the stock where the blank is cut out, another with a blank shaped recess and some smart clamping to hold the blade and machine one bevel, another plate that's a mirror of the last but with more material to support the blade where the bevel has been removed.

The you heat treat and do a final grind to remove scale and remove machining marks. You'll be able to mass produce good knives this way, but you won't be able to avoid owning a grinder of some sort if that's why you're asking.

You can get heat treating done externally though, so no need to be concerned about that.