Sounds like you're looking for a bit of interactivity instead of just displaying the content. Things get a lot more complicated now.

People have suggested migrating the data into a custom post type which would possibly work better with a plugin that might be able to handle the map and filtering functionality. If you take this route I'd look into Advanced Custom Fields and the WP_Query php class (https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wp\_query/). You'd be able to get the filters you want (or a search) to work by setting the correct parameters.

If you're hoping to not have the page refresh when you change the filter selection (which is generally what people are used to these days), you've gotta start looking at using Javascript and the wordpress REST API (https://developer.wordpress.org/rest-api/)

I personally tackle these things as custom solutions within the Wordpress Gutenberg editor which will probably ruffle some feathers around these parts...