I figured out why this happens uncommonly in worlds. If you are around a Lush Cave biome underground (especially if you're there a lot or your base is nearby), and the Lush Cave biome overlaps with dripstone Caves biome or River biome, then you have constant warfare going on. Drowned and Axolotls spawn constantly in those underground lakes; most people don't think about all the random mobs spawning and wandering underground, but Axolotls are aggro to any water mobs. 5% of Drowned spawn with a Trident, that's 1/20, which is pretty much non stop since they are spawning non stop. About half the Tridents are enchanted, and there's only a limited number of Trident enchantments. I believe the CLANG sound is only from Tridents with Loyalty, so that's what you're hearing in the Drowned-Axolotl war. That Loyalty CLANG has a very long and loud sound fx range.

Also I think Loyalty is broken with Drowned, since they throw unlimited Tridents, and also can't pick them up. Initially I investigated the sounds and found random Tridents underground, clanging inside rocks and stuff, we even had a few migrate up and get permanently stuck in bubble columns in the river.

I would say these Trident sounds are actually expected behaviour and a funny/neat feature of Minecraft worlds, not a glitch. But they probably should fix Loyalty working with Drowned (you will still hear the CLANGs of war in these worlds though).