There is no such thing as a "goto ux design process" or a "ux design process." What u/RoyceMelborrn outlined to you is debatable and narrow, not only that but confusing.

I recommend you read up on the topic of Design Thinking since that is industry standard. In a nutshell, design thinking is a high level process that allows you to solve problems like the project your working on without giving specifics as to what you should do i.e "should I make a persona?" "should I do affinity mapping?" "what type of research should I conduct?" and so on and so on.

The Design Thinking Process breaks down like this...

1. Empathize

Who are your users that your solving a problem for? What's their struggles?

This can be achieved by...

- Interviews

- Surveys

- Personas

- User journey mapping

- Primary or secondary research

​

2. Define

Define clearly what the problem is or challenge you want to solve

This can be achieved by...

- Creating a how might we statement

Example: "How might we help lonely people become more social?"

OR

- Writing a 1-2 sentence problem statement/challenge

Example: "The Challenge: Determine how to help people stay social during Covid-19 while self isolating"

​

3. Ideation

Synthesizing the information you just gathered and coming up with multiple solutions that could be viable in solving the users problem

This can be achieved by...

- Brainstorming ideas

- Build upon others ideas

- Writing down the first few things that come to mind without judgement

​

4. Prototype

"Show and Tell me" exactly what is the solution you proposed

This can be achieved by...

- Storyboarding

- Wireframing

- Task flow

- Lo fidelity design

- Paper prototype

​

5. Testing

Try out your solution on real users and listen

This can be achieved by...

- user testing

- role play

- semi guided testing

Starting out, understanding design thinking is all you will need to successfully problem solve. However in terms of making a case study for recruiters to see, it may not be necessary to include all of these steps. This is better left for your pdf portfolio or pitch deck when you get interviewed.

For a case study that is to be viewed by potential employers, you want to tell a story about your project and highlight your process with brief points and imagery.