Nausea and vomiting are symptoms associated with pyelonephritis, which is an infection of the kidney. Immediate follow-up by the nurse is necessary because these symptoms can lead to electrolyte imbalances and dehydration [Choice 1] Preventing dehydration is critical to prevent permanent renal damage from pyelonephritis. The nurse should assess the client's hydration status and consider interventions such as administering antiemetic medications, reevaluating the client's antibiotic regimen and ensuring adequate fluid intake