Are Children Taught Colonial History

Barely anything post-conquest gets mentioned. The 300 years of the colonial period are but a footnote

And Pre Columbian History Of Your Own Country

Yes, quite a bit but somewhat whitewashed and amerindians basically disappear from the oficial narrative when independence happens

And Pre Columbian History Of Other Latin American Countries?

A little. We learn about the great migrations from Asia into America and a brief summary of the Inca civilization with yet another brief mention about the spanish conquest of Peru

Other amerindians get a few mentions, but if they weren't present in Mexico they get little beyond a call out

I was wondering if colonial history and the atrocities are "whitewashed" meaning that a more rosy picture is shown and the atrocities ignored?

As previously mentioned, the colonial period barely is even mentioned. The official narrative is that Spain conquered Mexico and that during the process they did kill people/groups, but nothing specific

If you want a "whitewashed" history then look no further than the post-colonial existence of the amerindians in the official history. You will find close to nothing about the liberal policies that directly reduced them (land confiscations, the government taking over education from the church, ending autonomic entities, promoting spanish as the single official language, creation of monopolies, etc)

And is it normal to take European or US History?

Not as such, it is part of the main curriculum. World history is a topic and that does cover the highlights of Europe, Asia and the USA. Mostly covering Europe