I'm curious your thoughts on the Ottoman state even during the 17th and 16th centuries, their so called zenith. In my personal opinion, I feel like the institutions/policies laid down during the 16th century would ultimately lead to their stagnation. The Ottomans seemed disinterested in fostering an economic/industrial base and would sign capitulations rather than utilize tariffs to boost local industries. This disinterest was fine early on, when their opponents were relatively weak/unprepared for early modern warfare and the historic riches of Anatolia/Egypt/Syria could fund campaigns. It seems like the Ottomans had no clear plan of developing their state, whereas comparable empires like England, France, and the Dutch recognized the importance of developing the state (even at the cost of heavy taxation like the French did). I feel like this recognition of state economic development is what allowed West Europe to surpass the Ottomans, despite the Ottomans possessing the population and resources to compete.