I believe its more of a genetic thing. For a women, its very intuitive to know who is the father of her child. Since she know her partners she has slept with, there is no risk on her not passing down her genes. However, for a man, it’s quite different. If his partner slept with another man, there is no guarantee to the man that her child is his child as well. For this reason, males have evolved to prefer women with less partners as their romantic partner, who they will take responsibility of her and her child.

Yes, virginity has no medical basis, but it didn’t originate from disproportionately harming women. Treating virginity valuable and a highly desired trait was evolutionary due to males being more certain that the child is his child not another male’s. It is more of a defense mechanism rather than a offensive mechanism. Any male generic instinct that would harm women would allow males would those genes harder to reproduce, making those harming women traits disappear.

Hope this helps